PMID- 29921170 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181211 LR - 20220331 IS - 1744-8069 (Electronic) IS - 1744-8069 (Linking) VI - 14 DP - 2018 Jan-Dec TI - ATF2, but not ATF3, participates in the maintenance of nerve injury-induced tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. PG - 1744806918787427 LID - 10.1177/1744806918787427 [doi] LID - 1744806918787427 AB - Transcription factors are proteins that modulate the transcriptional rate of target genes in the nucleus in response to extracellular or cytoplasmic signals. Activating transcription factors 2 (ATF2) and 3 (ATF3) respond to environmental signals and maintain cellular homeostasis. There is evidence that inflammation and nerve injury modulate ATF2 and ATF3 expression. However, the function of these transcription factors in pain is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of ATF2 and ATF3 to nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. L5/6 spinal nerve ligation induced tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Moreover, nerve damage enhanced ATF2 and ATF3 protein expression in injured L5/6 dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord but not in uninjured L4 dorsal root ganglia. Nerve damage also enhanced ATF2 immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord 7 to 21 days post-injury. Repeated intrathecal post-treatment with a small-interfering RNA targeted against ATF2 (ATF2 siRNA) or anti-ATF2 antibody partially reversed tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. In contrast, ATF3 siRNA or anti-ATF3 antibody did not modify nociceptive behaviors. ATF2 immunoreactivity was found in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord co-labeling with NeuN mainly in non-peptidergic (IB4(+)) but also in peptidergic (CGRP(+)) neurons. ATF2 was found mainly in small- and medium-sized neurons. These results suggest that ATF2, but not ATF3, is found in strategic sites related to spinal nociceptive processing and participates in the maintenance of neuropathic pain in rats. FAU - Salinas-Abarca, Ana B AU - Salinas-Abarca AB AD - 1 Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Cinvestav, Mexico. FAU - Velazquez-Lagunas, Isabel AU - Velazquez-Lagunas I AD - 1 Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Cinvestav, Mexico. FAU - Franco-Enzastiga, Urzula AU - Franco-Enzastiga U AD - 1 Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Cinvestav, Mexico. FAU - Torres-Lopez, Jorge E AU - Torres-Lopez JE AD - 2 Laboratorio Mecanismos del Dolor, Centro de Investigacion, Division Academica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Mexico. AD - 3 Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Dr. Juan Graham Casasus, Mexico. FAU - Rocha-Gonzalez, Hector I AU - Rocha-Gonzalez HI AD - 4 Seccion de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico. FAU - Granados-Soto, Vinicio AU - Granados-Soto V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1038-8400 AD - 1 Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiologia, Cinvestav, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180619 PL - United States TA - Mol Pain JT - Molecular pain JID - 101242662 RN - 0 (Activating Transcription Factor 2) RN - 0 (Activating Transcription Factor 3) RN - 0 (Atf2 protein, rat) RN - 0 (Atf3 protein, rat) RN - 0 (Lectins) RN - 0 (RNA, Small Interfering) RN - EC 4.2.1.11 (Phosphopyruvate Hydratase) RN - JHB2QIZ69Z (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide) SB - IM MH - Activating Transcription Factor 2/genetics/*metabolism MH - Activating Transcription Factor 3/genetics/*metabolism MH - Animals MH - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/metabolism MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Female MH - Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism/pathology MH - Gene Expression Regulation MH - Hyperalgesia/*etiology/*metabolism MH - Lectins/metabolism MH - Male MH - Microscopy, Confocal MH - Pain Measurement MH - Peripheral Nerve Injuries/complications/pathology MH - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/metabolism MH - RNA, Small Interfering/administration & dosage MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Spinal Nerves/metabolism/pathology MH - Touch/physiology PMC - PMC6050803 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ATF2 OT - ATF3 OT - neuropathic pain OT - tactile allodynia OT - thermal hyperalgesia EDAT- 2018/06/21 06:00 MHDA- 2018/12/12 06:00 PMCR- 2018/06/19 CRDT- 2018/06/21 06:00 PHST- 2018/06/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/12/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/06/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_1744806918787427 [pii] AID - 10.1177/1744806918787427 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mol Pain. 2018 Jan-Dec;14:1744806918787427. doi: 10.1177/1744806918787427. Epub 2018 Jun 19.