PMID- 29930242
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190903
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 2056-676X (Electronic)
IS  - 2056-676X (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jun 21
TI  - Atopic dermatitis.
PG  - 1
LID - 10.1038/s41572-018-0001-z [doi]
AB  - Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease, with 
      a lifetime prevalence of up to 20% and substantial effects on quality of life. AD 
      is characterized by intense itch, recurrent eczematous lesions and a fluctuating 
      course. AD has a strong heritability component and is closely related to and 
      commonly co-occurs with other atopic diseases (such as asthma and allergic 
      rhinitis). Several pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to AD aetiology and 
      clinical manifestations. Impairment of epidermal barrier function, for example, 
      owing to deficiency in the structural protein filaggrin, can promote inflammation 
      and T cell infiltration. The immune response in AD is skewed towards T helper 2 
      cell-mediated pathways and can in turn favour epidermal barrier disruption. Other 
      contributing factors to AD onset include dysbiosis of the skin microbiota (in 
      particular overgrowth of Staphylococcus aureus), systemic immune responses 
      (including immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated sensitization) and neuroinflammation, 
      which is involved in itch. Current treatments for AD include topical moisturizers 
      and anti-inflammatory agents (such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and 
      cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors), phototherapy 
      and systemic immunosuppressants. Translational research has fostered the 
      development of targeted small molecules and biologic therapies, especially for 
      moderate-to-severe disease.
FAU - Weidinger, Stephan
AU  - Weidinger S
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 
      Kiel, Germany. sweidinger@dermatology.uni-kiel.de.
FAU - Beck, Lisa A
AU  - Beck LA
AD  - Department of Dermatology, Medicine and Pathology, University of Rochester 
      Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
FAU - Bieber, Thomas
AU  - Bieber T
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
AD  - The Christine Kuhne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Kabashima, Kenji
AU  - Kabashima K
AD  - Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 
      Japan.
FAU - Irvine, Alan D
AU  - Irvine AD
AD  - Paediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland. 
      irvinea@tcd.ie.
AD  - National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland. irvinea@tcd.ie.
AD  - Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. irvinea@tcd.ie.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180621
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Dis Primers
JT  - Nature reviews. Disease primers
JID - 101672103
RN  - 0 (Adrenal Cortex Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Boron Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic)
RN  - 0 (Calcineurin Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (FLG protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Filaggrin Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Intermediate Filament Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors)
RN  - MRK240IY2L (Azathioprine)
RN  - Q2R47HGR7P (crisaborole)
RN  - YL5FZ2Y5U1 (Methotrexate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Administration, Topical
MH  - Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
MH  - Azathioprine/therapeutic use
MH  - Boron Compounds/therapeutic use
MH  - Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use
MH  - Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use
MH  - Chronic Disease/epidemiology/therapy
MH  - Dermatitis, Atopic/*drug therapy/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Filaggrin Proteins
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Intermediate Filament Proteins/analysis/genetics
MH  - Methotrexate/therapeutic use
MH  - Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
MH  - Quality of Life/psychology
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Urticaria/etiology/genetics
EDAT- 2018/06/23 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/04 06:00
CRDT- 2018/06/23 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/06/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1038/s41572-018-0001-z [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41572-018-0001-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 Jun 21;4(1):1. doi: 10.1038/s41572-018-0001-z.