PMID- 29937240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190220 LR - 20190320 IS - 1878-7533 (Electronic) IS - 1550-7289 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 8 DP - 2018 Aug TI - Satiety and gastrointestinal hormones during a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test after gastric bypass surgery: association with plasma amino acid concentrations. PG - 1106-1117 LID - S1550-7289(18)30258-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.soard.2018.05.010 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Circulating amino acids have been associated with both appetite and the secretion of anorexigenic hormones in healthy and obese populations. This effect has not been investigated in subjects having undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between postprandial plasma concentrations of amino acids and the anorexigenic hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, and satiety and hunger in post-RYGB subjects. SETTING: A Dutch surgical department. METHODS: Participants after primary RYGB were studied during a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT). Satiety and hunger were assessed every 30 minutes on visual analogue scales. Blood samples were collected at baseline, every 10 minutes during the first half hour and every 30 minutes until 210 minutes after the start. The samples were assessed for 24 amino acids and 3 gastrointestinal hormones. Incremental areas under the curve (iAUCs) were calculated. Exploratory analyses were performed in which subjects were divided into high and low responders depending on the median iAUC. RESULTS: 42 subjects, aged 48 +/- 11 (mean +/- SD) years, 31 to 76 months post-RYGB and with total weight loss of 30 +/- 9% completed the MMTT. Subjects with high satiety scores had more than a 25% higher net iAUC of PYY and GLP-1 and at least a 10% higher net iAUC of 10 amino acids compared to subjects with low scores (P < 0.05). The net iAUC of five of these amino acids (i.e. arginine, asparagine, histidine, serine and threonine) was more than 10% higher in subjects with high responses on GLP-1 and/or PYY (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Certain postprandial amino acids were associated with satiety and anorexigenic hormones and could therefore play a role in appetite regulation after RYGB; either by a direct effect on satiety, indirectly through gastrointestinal hormones, or both. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 American Society for Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - van den Broek, Merel AU - van den Broek M AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: merel.van.den.broek@znb.nl. FAU - de Heide, Loek J M AU - de Heide LJM AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. FAU - Emous, Marloes AU - Emous M AD - Department of Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Centre for Obesity Netherlands (CON), Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. FAU - Wijma, Ragnhild B AU - Wijma RB AD - Department of Surgery, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Centre for Obesity Netherlands (CON), Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. FAU - Veeger, Nic J G M AU - Veeger NJGM AD - Department of Epidemiology, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Wolthuis, Albert AU - Wolthuis A AD - Department of Clinical Chemistry, CERTE, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. FAU - Laskewitz, Anke J AU - Laskewitz AJ AD - Department of Clinical Chemistry, CERTE, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. FAU - Heiner-Fokkema, M Rebecca AU - Heiner-Fokkema MR AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Muller Kobold, Anneke C AU - Muller Kobold AC AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R AU - Wolffenbuttel BHR AD - Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. FAU - van Beek, Andre P AU - van Beek AP AD - Centre for Obesity Netherlands (CON), Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180521 PL - United States TA - Surg Obes Relat Dis JT - Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery JID - 101233161 RN - 0 (Amino Acids) RN - 0 (Gastrointestinal Hormones) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Amino Acids/*blood MH - Appetite/*physiology MH - Female MH - Gastric Bypass/*statistics & numerical data MH - Gastrointestinal Hormones/*blood MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Postprandial Period/*physiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Satiation/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Amino acids OT - Appetite OT - Gastrointestinal hormones OT - Glucagon-like peptide-1 OT - Hunger OT - Peptide tyrosine tyrosine OT - Protein OT - Roux-en-Y gastric bypass OT - Satiety EDAT- 2018/06/26 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2018/06/26 06:00 PHST- 2018/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/04/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/05/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/06/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/06/26 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1550-7289(18)30258-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.soard.2018.05.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Aug;14(8):1106-1117. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.05.010. Epub 2018 May 21.