PMID- 29959999
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190510
LR  - 20201218
IS  - 1096-0333 (Electronic)
IS  - 0041-008X (Linking)
VI  - 361
DP  - 2018 Dec 15
TI  - Measuring EMPs in the lung what can be measured in the lung: Asbestiform minerals 
      and cleavage fragments.
PG  - 14-17
LID - S0041-008X(18)30293-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.026 [doi]
AB  - Asbestos mineral fibers have been associated with the development of a variety of 
      diseases in humans and experimental animals, including asbestosis, lung cancer, 
      and mesothelioma. Asbestos includes several mineral types divided into two 
      mineral groups, serpentine and amphibole forms. Chrysotile is the serpentine 
      mineral classified as asbestos, whereas the amphiboles include amosite, 
      crocidolite, tremolite, actinolite and anthophyllite. There are a number of 
      mineral fibers that occur with asbestiform morphology and that have been 
      associated with various asbestos-induced diseases. These include the Libby 
      amphiboles (associated with a vermiculite mine northwest of Libby, MT), erionite 
      (in Turkey and North America), fluoro-edenite (in Sicily), and perhaps 
      balangeroite (in Italy). In addition, each of the asbestos minerals occurs in a 
      non-fibrous form, and these may occur as cleavage fragments that satisfy the 
      definition for a fiber, i.e., particles with an aspect ratio of at least 3:1 and 
      roughly parallel sides. Cleavage fragments of non-asbestiform minerals have not 
      been associated with asbestos-induced diseases nor are these minerals regulated 
      by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Finally, there are a number 
      of other mineral species which can occur in human lung samples that satisfy the 
      definition for a fiber as given above. These similarly have not been associated 
      with asbestos-induced diseases. All of these various minerals satisfying the 
      definition for a fiber can be referred to as elongated mineral particles (EMP). 
      It is the purpose of this presentation to discuss the role of scanning electron 
      microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray analyzer (EDXA) in the 
      detection and classification of EMP in human lung samples.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Roggli, Victor L
AU  - Roggli VL
AD  - Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, M255 Davison Bldg. 
      Durham, NC 27710, United States. Electronic address: victor.roggli@duke.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180627
PL  - United States
TA  - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
JT  - Toxicology and applied pharmacology
JID - 0416575
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational)
RN  - 0 (Mineral Fibers)
RN  - 0 (Minerals)
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
RN  - 1332-21-4 (Asbestos)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants, Occupational
MH  - Asbestos/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lung/*chemistry
MH  - Lung Neoplasms
MH  - Mesothelioma
MH  - Mesothelioma, Malignant
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
MH  - Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
MH  - Mineral Fibers/analysis
MH  - Minerals/*analysis
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Particulate Matter/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Asbestiform
OT  - Cleavage
OT  - EMP's
OT  - Fragments
OT  - Lung
OT  - Minerals
EDAT- 2018/07/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/05/11 06:00
CRDT- 2018/07/01 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/06/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/06/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/05/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/07/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0041-008X(18)30293-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.026 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Dec 15;361:14-17. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.026. 
      Epub 2018 Jun 27.