PMID- 29961424 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190314 LR - 20240117 IS - 1532-429X (Electronic) IS - 1097-6647 (Print) IS - 1097-6647 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Jul 2 TI - Non-contrast assessment of microvascular integrity using arterial spin labeled cardiovascular magnetic resonance in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction. PG - 45 LID - 10.1186/s12968-018-0468-5 [doi] LID - 45 AB - BACKGROUND: Following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), microvascular integrity and function may be compromised as a result of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and vasodilator dysfunction. It has been observed that both infarcted and remote myocardial territories may exhibit impaired myocardial blood flow (MBF) patterns associated with an abnormal vasodilator response. Arterial spin labeled (ASL) CMR is a novel non-contrast technique that can quantitatively measure MBF. This study investigates the feasibility of ASL-CMR to assess MVO and vasodilator response in swine. METHODS: Thirty-one swine were included in this study. Resting ASL-CMR was performed on 24 healthy swine (baseline group). A subset of 13 swine from the baseline group underwent stress ASL-CMR to assess vasodilator response. Fifteen swine were subjected to a 90-min left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. Resting ASL-CMR was performed post-AMI at 1-2 days (N = 9, of which 6 were from the baseline group), 1-2 weeks (N = 8, of which 4 were from the day 1-2 group), and 4 weeks (N = 4, of which 2 were from the week 1-2 group). Resting first-pass CMR and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were performed post-AMI for reference. RESULTS: At rest, regional MBF and physiological noise measured from ASL-CMR were 1.08 +/- 0.62 and 0.15 +/- 0.10 ml/g/min, respectively. Regional MBF increased to 1.47 +/- 0.62 ml/g/min with dipyridamole vasodilation (P < 0.001). Significant reduction in MBF was found in the infarcted region 1-2 days, 1-2 weeks, and 4 weeks post-AMI compared to baseline (P < 0.03). This was consistent with perfusion deficit seen on first-pass CMR and with MVO seen on LGE. There were no significant differences between measured MBF in the remote regions pre and post-AMI (P > 0.60). CONCLUSIONS: ASL-CMR can assess vasodilator response in healthy swine and detect significant reduction in regional MBF at rest following AMI. ASL-CMR is an alternative to gadolinium-based techniques for assessment of MVO and microvascular integrity within infarcted, as well as salvageable and remote myocardium. This has the potential to provide early indications of adverse remodeling processes post-ischemia. FAU - Do, Hung P AU - Do HP AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8141-8630 AD - Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Ave, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California, 90089-2564, USA. hungdo@usc.edu. FAU - Ramanan, Venkat AU - Ramanan V AD - Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Qi, Xiuling AU - Qi X AD - Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Barry, Jennifer AU - Barry J AD - Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Wright, Graham A AU - Wright GA AD - Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Schulich Heart Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Ghugre, Nilesh R AU - Ghugre NR AD - Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. AD - Schulich Heart Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. FAU - Nayak, Krishna S AU - Nayak KS AD - Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180702 PL - England TA - J Cardiovasc Magn Reson JT - Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance JID - 9815616 RN - 0 (Spin Labels) RN - 0 (Vasodilator Agents) RN - 64ALC7F90C (Dipyridamole) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Coronary Circulation/drug effects MH - Coronary Vessels/*diagnostic imaging/drug effects/physiopathology MH - Dipyridamole/administration & dosage MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Feasibility Studies MH - Female MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/*methods MH - *Microcirculation/drug effects MH - Microvessels/*diagnostic imaging/drug effects/physiopathology MH - Myocardial Infarction/*diagnostic imaging/physiopathology MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - *Spin Labels MH - Sus scrofa MH - *Vasodilation/drug effects MH - Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage PMC - PMC6027570 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Acute myocardial infarction OT - Arterial spin labeling OT - Microvascular integrity OT - Microvascular obstruction OT - Myocardial blood flow OT - Non-contrast myocardial perfusion imaging OT - Vasodilator response COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: The animal protocol was approved by the Animal Care Committee of Sunnybrook Research Institute. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/07/03 06:00 MHDA- 2019/03/15 06:00 PMCR- 2018/07/02 CRDT- 2018/07/03 06:00 PHST- 2017/07/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/06/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/07/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/07/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/03/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S1097-6647(23)00582-3 [pii] AID - 468 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12968-018-0468-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2018 Jul 2;20(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12968-018-0468-5.