PMID- 29984353
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 2509-9280 (Electronic)
IS  - 2509-9280 (Linking)
VI  - 2
DP  - 2018 Dec
TI  - Effect of thyroid shielding during mammography: measurements on phantom and 
      patient as well as estimation with Monte Carlo simulation.
PG  - 14
LID - 10.1186/s41747-018-0042-9 [doi]
LID - 14
AB  - BACKGROUND: During mammography, the thyroid is exposed to scattered radiation 
      from breast tissue and the device. This may increase the risk of radiation 
      induced thyroid cancer. METHODS: We investigated the scatter radiation exposition 
      of the thyroid and the effect of a tailored thyroid protection in phantom and 
      patient as well as by using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The protective effect 
      of a modified thyroid protection, the relevance of the protective effect and 
      acceptance by patients have been investigated. RESULTS: Phantom and patient 
      measurements provided higher values for the surface dose at thyroid position than 
      expected from MCS (phantom 0.32 mGy; patients 0.38 mGy; MCS 0.16 mGy). Phantom 
      measurements indicated scatter contributions from both breast tissue and 
      collimator/tube system. The value found in our patient study is within the range 
      of the literature (0.22-0.39 mGy). The thyroid protection significantly reduced 
      the surface dose but the dose (0.016 mGy) was higher than that expected from the 
      lead equivalent value. However, the impact of the collar to the effective dose 
      was small (< 4%). The collar was not visible on mammograms. CONCLUSIONS: Scatter 
      from the collimator/tube system contributed with 50% to the thyroid dose. Due to 
      the relative small fraction of dose deposited in the thyroid when compared to the 
      mean glandular dose to the breast, a collar is not mandatory in general. Not 
      being associated with the risk of obscuring parts of mammograms, such a collar 
      may be used for young women considering their higher radio sensitivity.
FAU - Pyka, Miriam
AU  - Pyka M
AD  - 1Department of Medical Services, Institute of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, 
      Baden, Switzerland. ISNI: 0000 0004 0508 7512. GRID: grid.482962.3
FAU - Eschle, Patrik
AU  - Eschle P
AD  - 2Zurich University of Applied Science, ZHAW School of Engineering, Winterthur, 
      Switzerland. ISNI: 0000000122291644. GRID: grid.19739.35
FAU - Sommer, Christian
AU  - Sommer C
AD  - 2Zurich University of Applied Science, ZHAW School of Engineering, Winterthur, 
      Switzerland. ISNI: 0000000122291644. GRID: grid.19739.35
FAU - Weyland, Mathias S
AU  - Weyland MS
AD  - 2Zurich University of Applied Science, ZHAW School of Engineering, Winterthur, 
      Switzerland. ISNI: 0000000122291644. GRID: grid.19739.35
FAU - Kubik, Rahel
AU  - Kubik R
AD  - 1Department of Medical Services, Institute of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, 
      Baden, Switzerland. ISNI: 0000 0004 0508 7512. GRID: grid.482962.3
FAU - Scheidegger, Stephan
AU  - Scheidegger S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2622-2918
AD  - 2Zurich University of Applied Science, ZHAW School of Engineering, Winterthur, 
      Switzerland. ISNI: 0000000122291644. GRID: grid.19739.35
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180628
PL  - England
TA  - Eur Radiol Exp
JT  - European radiology experimental
JID - 101721752
PMC - PMC6022527
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Backscatter
OT  - Mammography
OT  - Monte Carlo simulation
OT  - Radiation-induced cancer
OT  - Thyroid protection
COIS- The patient study was approved by the internal ethical committee of Kantonsspital 
      Baden and written informed consent was obtained from all included patients.Not 
      applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer 
      Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and 
      institutional affiliations.
EDAT- 2018/07/10 06:00
MHDA- 2018/07/10 06:01
PMCR- 2018/06/28
CRDT- 2018/07/10 06:00
PHST- 2017/09/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/07/10 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/06/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 42 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s41747-018-0042-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Eur Radiol Exp. 2018 Jun 28;2:14. doi: 10.1186/s41747-018-0042-9. eCollection 
      2018 Dec.