PMID- 30027835 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190109 LR - 20200225 IS - 1943-4936 (Electronic) IS - 1040-6387 (Print) IS - 1040-6387 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 5 DP - 2018 Sep TI - Effect of chemical clarification of oral fluids on the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus IgG. PG - 671-677 LID - 10.1177/1040638718789220 [doi] AB - Routine collection and testing of oral fluid (OF) samples facilitates porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) surveillance in commercial swine herds in a cost-effective, welfare-friendly fashion. However, OFs often contain environmental contaminants that may affect liquid handling and test performance. Traditional processing methods (e.g., filtration or centrifugation) are not compatible with high-throughput testing because of the burden of additional processing costs and time. OF "clarification" using chemical flocculants is an alternative approach not widely explored. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of chitosan-based clarification treatment on a commercial PRRSV OF ELISA. Serum and individual OFs were collected from vaccinated pigs ( n = 17) at -7 to 42 d post-vaccination and subdivided into 4 aliquots. Each aliquot was clarified (treatment A, B, C), with the 4th aliquot serving as untreated control. All samples were tested by PRRSV OF ELISA immediately after treatment and then were held at 4 degrees C to be re-tested at 2, 4, 6, and 14 d post-treatment. Quantitative and qualitative treatment effects were evaluated. A Kruskal-Wallis test found no significant difference in ELISA S/P responses among treatments by days post-treatment. No difference was detected in the proportion of positive PRRSV antibody samples among treatments (Cochran Q, p > 0.05). Treatment of swine OFs using chitosan-based formulations did not affect the performance of a commercial PRRSV OF ELISA. Chitosan (or other flocculants) could improve OF characteristics and could be adapted for use in the field or in high-throughput laboratories. FAU - Henao-Diaz, Yuly A AU - Henao-Diaz YA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1821-7641 AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Gimenez-Lirola, Luis AU - Gimenez-Lirola L AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Poonsuk, Korakrit AU - Poonsuk K AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Cheng, Ting-Yu AU - Cheng TY AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Wang, Chong AU - Wang C AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Ji, Ju AU - Ji J AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Baum, David H AU - Baum DH AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Main, Rodger G AU - Main RG AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. FAU - Zimmerman, Jeffrey J AU - Zimmerman JJ AD - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine (Henao-Diaz, Gimenez-Lirola, Poonsuk, Cheng, Wang, Baum, Main, Zimmerman), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. AD - Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences (Wang, Ji), Iowa State University, Ames, IA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180720 PL - United States TA - J Vet Diagn Invest JT - Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc JID - 9011490 RN - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Chitosan/*chemistry MH - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods/*veterinary MH - *Flocculation MH - Iowa MH - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*diagnosis/virology MH - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*isolation & purification MH - Saliva/*chemistry/virology MH - Swine PMC - PMC6505799 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chitosan OT - PRRSV ELISA OT - oral fluid clarification COIS- Declaration of conflicting interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest with respect to their authorship and/or the publication of this manuscript, with the exception that J Zimmerman, DH Baum, and L Gimenez-Lirola, as these authors serve (or have served) as a consultant to IDEXX Laboratories on areas of diagnostic medicine independent of this research. The terms of the consulting arrangement have been reviewed and approved by Iowa State University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. EDAT- 2018/07/22 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/10 06:00 PMCR- 2019/07/20 CRDT- 2018/07/21 06:00 PHST- 2018/07/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/07/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1177_1040638718789220 [pii] AID - 10.1177/1040638718789220 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Vet Diagn Invest. 2018 Sep;30(5):671-677. doi: 10.1177/1040638718789220. Epub 2018 Jul 20.