PMID- 30034974
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240328
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 May 18
TI  - A Review of the Mechanism of Antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor by 
      Ketamine in Treatment-resistant Depression.
PG  - e2652
LID - 10.7759/cureus.2652 [doi]
LID - e2652
AB  - The biochemical processes involved in depression go beyond serotonin, 
      norepinephrine, and dopamine. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor has a 
      major role in the neurophysiology of depression. Ketamine, one of the 
      prototypical NMDA antagonists, works rapidly in controlling depressive symptoms, 
      including acutely suicidal behavior, by just a single injection. Ketamine may 
      rapidly increase the glutamate levels and lead to structural neuronal changes. 
      Increased neuronal dendritic growth may contribute to synaptogenesis and an 
      increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Activation of the 
      mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), as well as increased levels of BDNF, may 
      increase long-term potentiation and result in an improvement in the symptoms of 
      depression. The mechanisms of ketamine's proposed effect as an off-label 
      treatment for resistant depression are outlined in this paper.
FAU - Sattar, Yasar
AU  - Sattar Y
AD  - Research Assistant, Kings County Hospital Center, New York, USA.
FAU - Wilson, John
AU  - Wilson J
AD  - Adult Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center.
FAU - Khan, Ali M
AU  - Khan AM
AD  - Psychiatry Resident, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, Texas, 
      USA.
FAU - Adnan, Mahwish
AU  - Adnan M
AD  - Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, toronto, CAN.
FAU - Azzopardi Larios, Daniel
AU  - Azzopardi Larios D
AD  - Child Psychiatry, Kings County Hospital Center.
FAU - Shrestha, Shristi
AU  - Shrestha S
AD  - MPH, State University of New York.
FAU - Rahman, Quazi
AU  - Rahman Q
AD  - Child Pscyhiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center.
FAU - Mansuri, Zeeshan
AU  - Mansuri Z
AD  - Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Odessa/permian Basin.
FAU - Hassan, Ali
AU  - Hassan A
AD  - Medical Graduate, American University of Antigua.
FAU - Patel, Nirav B
AU  - Patel NB
AD  - Department of Medicine, Lasante Health.
FAU - Tariq, Nargis
AU  - Tariq N
AD  - Graduate, Avalon University School of Medicine.
FAU - Latchana, Sharaad
AU  - Latchana S
AD  - Medical Student, American University of Integrative Sciences.
FAU - Lopez Pantoja, Stefany C
AU  - Lopez Pantoja SC
AD  - Graduate, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Chagrin Falls, USA.
FAU - Vargas, Sadiasept
AU  - Vargas S
AD  - Department of Medicine, Instituto Tecnologico De Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, 
      DOM.
FAU - Shaikh, Naveed A
AU  - Shaikh NA
AD  - Psychiatry, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, USA.
FAU - Syed, Fawaduzzaman
AU  - Syed F
AD  - Internal Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, 
      Chicago, USA.
FAU - Mittal, Daaman
AU  - Mittal D
AD  - Pediatrics, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, ludhiana, IND.
FAU - Rumesa, Fatima
AU  - Rumesa F
AD  - Psychiatry, Icahn Elmhurst Hospital, New York, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180518
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC6051558
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - depression
OT  - ketamine
OT  - nmda antagonist
OT  - nmda receptor
OT  - suicide
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2018/07/24 06:00
MHDA- 2018/07/24 06:01
PMCR- 2018/05/18
CRDT- 2018/07/24 06:00
PHST- 2018/07/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/07/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/07/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.2652 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2018 May 18;10(5):e2652. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2652.