PMID- 30041062 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181002 LR - 20181004 IS - 1532-0456 (Print) IS - 1532-0456 (Linking) VI - 213 DP - 2018 Nov TI - Silencing of HIF-1 in WSSV-infected white shrimp: Effect on viral load and antioxidant enzymes. PG - 19-26 LID - S1532-0456(18)30094-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.004 [doi] AB - Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcriptional factor that induces genes involved in glucose metabolism. HIF-1 is formed by a regulatory alpha-subunit (HIF-1alpha) and a constitutive beta-subunit (HIF-1beta). The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) induces a shift in glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. HIF-1alpha is associated with the induction of metabolic changes in tissues of WSSV-infected shrimp. However, the contributions of HIF-1 to viral load and antioxidant responses in WSSV-infected shrimp have been not examined. In this study, the effect of HIF-1 silencing on viral load and the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD, glutathione S-transferase-GST, and catalase) along with oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl) in tissues of white shrimp infected with the WSSV were studied. The viral load increased in hepatopancreas and muscle after WSSV infection, and the accumulative mortality was of 100% at 72 h post-infection. The expression and activity of SOD, catalase, and GST decreased in each tissue evaluated after WSSV infection. Protein carbonyl concentrations increased in each tissue after WSSV infection, while lipid peroxidation increased in hepatopancreas, but not in muscle. Silencing of HIF-1alpha decreased the WSSV viral load in hepatopancreas and muscle of infected shrimp along with shrimp mortality. Silencing of HIF-1alpha ameliorated the antioxidant response in a tissue-specific manner, which translated to a decrease in oxidative damage. These results suggest that HIF-1 is essential for restoring the antioxidant response, which counters the oxidative injury associated with WSSV infection. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Miranda-Cruz, Melissa M AU - Miranda-Cruz MM AD - Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Apartado Postal 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. FAU - Poom-Llamas, Jennifer J AU - Poom-Llamas JJ AD - Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Apartado Postal 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. FAU - Godoy-Lugo, Jose A AU - Godoy-Lugo JA AD - School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, 5200 N Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA. FAU - Ortiz, Rudy M AU - Ortiz RM AD - School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, 5200 N Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA. FAU - Gomez-Jimenez, Silvia AU - Gomez-Jimenez S AD - Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo (CIAD), Carretera a la Victoria KM. 0.6. Hermosillo, Sonora, C.P. 83304, Mexico. FAU - Rosas-Rodriguez, Jesus A AU - Rosas-Rodriguez JA AD - Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Apartado Postal 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. FAU - Moran-Palacio, Edgar F AU - Moran-Palacio EF AD - Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Apartado Postal 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. FAU - Sonanez-Organis, Jose G AU - Sonanez-Organis JG AD - Universidad de Sonora, Departamento de Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora Unidad Regional Sur, Apartado Postal 85880, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico. Electronic address: jorganis@navojoa.uson.mx. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180721 PL - United States TA - Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol JT - Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP JID - 100959500 RN - 0 (DNA, Viral) RN - 0 (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit) RN - 0 (RNA, Double-Stranded) RN - EC 1.- (Oxidoreductases) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Aquaculture MH - DNA, Viral/isolation & purification MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental MH - Gene Silencing MH - Hepatopancreas/growth & development/metabolism/virology MH - Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism MH - Injections, Intramuscular MH - Lipid Peroxidation MH - Mexico MH - Muscles/metabolism/virology MH - Organ Specificity MH - Oxidative Stress MH - Oxidoreductases/genetics/metabolism MH - Penaeidae/growth & development/metabolism/*virology MH - Protein Carbonylation MH - RNA Interference MH - RNA, Double-Stranded/administration & dosage/metabolism MH - Viral Load MH - White spot syndrome virus 1/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity/physiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antioxidant enzymes OT - Gene expression OT - Gene silencing OT - HIF-1alpha OT - Viral load OT - WSSV EDAT- 2018/07/25 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/03 06:00 CRDT- 2018/07/25 06:00 PHST- 2018/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/07/18 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/07/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/07/25 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1532-0456(18)30094-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Nov;213:19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.004. Epub 2018 Jul 21.