PMID- 30068291 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190701 LR - 20221207 IS - 1471-244X (Electronic) IS - 1471-244X (Linking) VI - 18 IP - 1 DP - 2018 Aug 1 TI - Hyperprolactinemia and insulin resistance in drug naive patients with early onset first episode psychosis. PG - 246 LID - 10.1186/s12888-018-1827-3 [doi] LID - 246 AB - BACKGROUND: Hyperprolactinemia and glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities are often found in patients with schizophrenia and are generally considered secondary to the use of antipsychotic drugs. More recent studies have shown these same neuroendocrine and metabolic abnormalities in antipsychotic naive patients with first episode psychosis (FEP), rising the hypothesis that schizophrenia itself may be related to an abnormal regulation of prolactin secretion and to impaired glucose tolerance. The aim of this study was to compare prolactin levels, glycometabolism parameters and lipid profile between a sample of 31 drug-naive adolescents in the acute phase of FEP and a control group of 23 subjects at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. METHODS: The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI index, pubertal stage) and blood tests (levels of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, triglycerides, total and fractionated cholesterol, prolactin). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated through the homeostatic model of assessment (HOMA-IR), assuming a cut-off point of 3.16 for adolescent population. FEP patients and CHR controls were compared by using Student's t-distribution (t-test) for parametric data. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant higher level of prolactin was found in FEP group than in CHR group (mean = 28.93 +/- 27.16 vs 14.29 +/- 7.86, P = 0.009), suggesting a condition of hyperprolactinemia (HPRL). Patients with FEP were more insulin resistant compared to patients at CHR, as assessed by HOMA-IR (mean = 3.07 +/- 1.76 vs 2.11 +/- 1.11, P = 0.043). Differences of fasting glucose (FEP = 4.82 +/- 0.71, CHR = 4.35 +/- 0.62, P = 0.016) and HbA1c (FEP = 25.86 +/- 13.31, CHR = 33.00 +/- 2.95, P = 0.013), were not clinically significant as the mean values were within normal range for both groups. No significant differences were found for lipid profile. A BMI value within the range of normal weight was found for both groups, with no significant differences. CONCLUSION: We suggested that HPRL, increase in HOMA-IR, and psychotic symptoms may be considered different manifestations of the acute onset of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis, with a common neurobiological vulnerability emerging since adolescence. The influence of age and gender on clinical manifestations of psychotic onset should be considered for early prevention and treatment of both schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and neuroendocrine-metabolic dysfunctions. FAU - Petruzzelli, Maria Giuseppina AU - Petruzzelli MG AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1734-788X AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. maria.petruzzelli@uniba.it. FAU - Margari, Mariella AU - Margari M AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. FAU - Peschechera, Antonia AU - Peschechera A AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. FAU - de Giambattista, Concetta AU - de Giambattista C AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. FAU - De Giacomo, Andrea AU - De Giacomo A AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. FAU - Matera, Emilia AU - Matera E AD - Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. FAU - Margari, Francesco AU - Margari F AD - Psychiatry Unit , Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organ, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180801 PL - England TA - BMC Psychiatry JT - BMC psychiatry JID - 100968559 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A) RN - 0 (Insulin) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Triglycerides) RN - 9002-62-4 (Prolactin) RN - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Blood Glucose/analysis MH - Cholesterol/blood MH - Female MH - Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis MH - Humans MH - Hyperprolactinemia/*psychology MH - Insulin/blood MH - *Insulin Resistance MH - Lipid Metabolism MH - Lipids/blood MH - Male MH - Prolactin/blood MH - Psychotic Disorders/*blood/complications MH - Schizophrenia/*blood/complications MH - Triglycerides/blood MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC6090964 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Adolescence OT - Clinical high risk of psychosis OT - Glucose tolerance OT - Neuroendocrine dysfunctions OT - Prolactin regulation OT - Schizophrenia spectrum psychosis OT - Stress COIS- After providing complete description about the study, we obtained written informed consent from the parents of all subjects. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Hospital Consortium Policlinico of Bari, Italy. All parents of the participants gave written consent to publish all data reported in this and other publications arising from study. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/08/03 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/02 06:00 PMCR- 2018/08/01 CRDT- 2018/08/03 06:00 PHST- 2018/05/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/07/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/08/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/08/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/02 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12888-018-1827-3 [pii] AID - 1827 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12888-018-1827-3 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Psychiatry. 2018 Aug 1;18(1):246. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1827-3.