PMID- 30085101
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190429
LR  - 20190429
IS  - 1460-2709 (Electronic)
IS  - 1369-3786 (Linking)
VI  - 57
IP  - 4
DP  - 2019 Jun 1
TI  - The importance of Toll-like receptor 4 during experimental Sporothrix 
      brasiliensis infection.
PG  - 489-495
LID - 10.1093/mmy/myy048 [doi]
AB  - Here we investigated the importance of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) in innate 
      immune response to Sporothrix brasiliensis, a virulent fungus of Sporothrix spp. 
      In vitro assays, using C57Bl/6 (wild type [WT]) bone marrow-derived macrophages 
      (BMDMs), and TLR-4 knockout (TLR-4-/-) showed that the absence of TLR-4 resulted 
      in impaired phagocytosis and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), 
      interleukin (IL)-6, and nitric oxide. In vivo assays were also performed, and the 
      mice (WT and TLR-4-/-) were intraperitoneally infected with S. brasiliensis yeast 
      ATCC MyA-4831 and euthanized on days 7, 14, and 28 postinfection, with the 
      following parameters evaluated: fungal burden in liver, spleen, kidney, and 
      brain, and the production of cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-4, 
      IL-6, and IL-10. The results demonstrate the macrophages dependency on TLR-4 for 
      inflammatory activation and in the absence of TLR-4 during experimental S. 
      brasiliensis infection enhanced dissemination occurred after 14 and 28 days. 
      These data show that TLR-4 signals are important for the recognition of S. 
      brasiliensis by macrophages, and their absence promotes the persistence of the 
      infection.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The 
      International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.
FAU - Rossato, Luana
AU  - Rossato L
AD  - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias 
      Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Santos, Suelen Silvana Dos
AU  - Santos SSD
AD  - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias 
      Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Ferreira, Lucas Goncalves
AU  - Ferreira LG
AD  - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias 
      Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - de Almeida, Sandro Rogerio
AU  - de Almeida SR
AD  - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias 
      Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Med Mycol
JT  - Medical mycology
JID - 9815835
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Structures/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - *Immunity, Innate
MH  - Macrophages/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Phagocytosis
MH  - Sporothrix/*immunology
MH  - Sporotrichosis/*immunology
MH  - Toll-Like Receptor 4/*metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Sporothrix brasiliensis
OT  - BMDMs
OT  - Toll-like receptor 4
EDAT- 2018/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/30 06:00
CRDT- 2018/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/05/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/06/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 5063414 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/mmy/myy048 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Mycol. 2019 Jun 1;57(4):489-495. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myy048.