PMID- 30087434
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190311
LR  - 20230928
IS  - 1740-634X (Electronic)
IS  - 0893-133X (Print)
IS  - 0893-133X (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 11
DP  - 2018 Oct
TI  - Hippocampal glutamate metabolites and glial activation in clinical high risk and 
      first episode psychosis.
PG  - 2249-2255
LID - 10.1038/s41386-018-0163-0 [doi]
AB  - Alterations in glutamate neurotransmission have been implicated in the 
      pathophysiology of schizophrenia, as well as in symptom severity and cognitive 
      deficits. The hippocampus, in particular, is a site of key functional and 
      structural abnormalities in schizophrenia. Yet few studies have investigated 
      hippocampal glutamate in antipsychotic-naive first episode psychosis patients or 
      in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. Using proton 
      magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS), we investigated glutamate metabolite 
      levels in the left hippocampus of 25 CHR (19 antipsychotic-naive), 16 patients 
      with first-episode psychosis (13 antipsychotic-naive) and 31 healthy volunteers. 
      We also explored associations between hippocampal glutamate metabolites and glial 
      activation, as indexed by [(18)F]FEPPA positron emission tomography (PET); 
      symptom severity; and cognitive function. Groups differed significantly in 
      glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) levels (F((2, 69)) = 6.39, p = 0.003). Post-hoc 
      analysis revealed that CHR had significantly lower Glx levels than both healthy 
      volunteers (p = 0.003) and first-episode psychosis patients (p = 0.050). No 
      associations were found between glutamate metabolites and glial activation. Our 
      findings suggest that glutamate metabolites are altered in CHR.
FAU - Shakory, Shima
AU  - Shakory S
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Watts, Jeremy J
AU  - Watts JJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1751-5409
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
FAU - Hafizi, Sina
AU  - Hafizi S
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
FAU - Da Silva, Tania
AU  - Da Silva T
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Khan, Saad
AU  - Khan S
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Kiang, Michael
AU  - Kiang M
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Bagby, R Michael
AU  - Bagby RM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Chavez, Sofia
AU  - Chavez S
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
FAU - Mizrahi, Romina
AU  - Mizrahi R
AD  - Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada. romina.mizrahi@camhpet.ca.
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 
      Canada. romina.mizrahi@camhpet.ca.
AD  - Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 
      romina.mizrahi@camhpet.ca.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 
      romina.mizrahi@camhpet.ca.
AD  - Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental 
      Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. romina.mizrahi@camhpet.ca.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 MH100043/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20180728
PL  - England
TA  - Neuropsychopharmacology
JT  - Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of 
      Neuropsychopharmacology
JID - 8904907
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Glutamic Acid/*metabolism
MH  - Hippocampus/*diagnostic imaging/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuroglia/*metabolism
MH  - Positron-Emission Tomography/methods
MH  - Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*diagnostic imaging/*metabolism/psychology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6135774
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2018/08/09 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/12 06:00
PMCR- 2019/10/01
CRDT- 2018/08/09 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/07/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/08/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41386-018-0163-0 [pii]
AID - 163 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41386-018-0163-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropsychopharmacology. 2018 Oct;43(11):2249-2255. doi: 
      10.1038/s41386-018-0163-0. Epub 2018 Jul 28.