PMID- 30092387
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181126
LR  - 20181126
IS  - 1090-2414 (Electronic)
IS  - 0147-6513 (Linking)
VI  - 164
DP  - 2018 Nov 30
TI  - The influence of Fe(2+), Fe(3+) and magnet powder (Fe(3)O(4)) on aerobic 
      granulation and their mechanisms.
PG  - 1-11
LID - S0147-6513(18)30669-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.072 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed to develop an aerobic granular sludge and understand the 
      granulation process of the multi-iron ions. Four sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) 
      were applied to elucidate the effect of Fe(2+), Fe(3+) and Fe(3)O(4) addition on 
      aerobic granulation. The results confirmed that the start-up time of aerobic 
      granulation with Fe(3)O(4) addition (11 days) was notably less than that with 
      Fe(2+) (16 days) and Fe(3+) (27 days) addition. Larger granules achieved with 
      Fe(3)O(4) addition with a sludge volume index (SVI(30)) of 28.50 mL/g and 
      settling velocity of 49.68 m/h. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis 
      further revealed that the presence of mineral crystal in the granule core with 
      Fe(2+) and Fe(3)O(4) addition accelerated the granule formation and maintained 
      the stability of the structure. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were 
      studied using three-dimensional-excitation emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence 
      spectra technology to gain a comprehensive view of the interactions between EPS 
      and Fe(2+), Fe(3+) and Fe(3)O(4). Around 94.76% and 97.68% removal rate was noted 
      for COD and ammonia in the granulation process. Finally, the dominant functional 
      species involved in biological nutrients removal and granule formation were 
      identified by high throughput sequencing technology to assess the effects of 
      Fe(2+), Fe(3+) and Fe(3)O(4) to granule at the molecular level.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ren, Xiaomin
AU  - Ren X
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
FAU - Chen, Yue
AU  - Chen Y
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
FAU - Guo, Liang
AU  - Guo L
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, 
      Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. 
      Electronic address: geletu@ouc.edu.cn.
FAU - She, Zonglian
AU  - She Z
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
FAU - Gao, Mengchun
AU  - Gao M
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
FAU - Zhao, Yangguo
AU  - Zhao Y
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
FAU - Shao, Mengyu
AU  - Shao M
AD  - College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 
      Qingdao 266100, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180806
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
JT  - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
JID - 7805381
RN  - 0 (Biopolymers)
RN  - 0 (Powders)
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - XM0M87F357 (Ferrosoferric Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aerobiosis
MH  - Ammonia
MH  - Biopolymers
MH  - *Bioreactors
MH  - *Ferrosoferric Oxide
MH  - *Iron
MH  - Powders
MH  - Sewage
MH  - Waste Disposal, Fluid
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Aerobic granular sludge
OT  - Aerobic granulation
OT  - Fe(2+)
OT  - Fe(3+)
OT  - Magnet powder (Fe(3)O(4))
EDAT- 2018/08/10 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/27 06:00
CRDT- 2018/08/10 06:00
PHST- 2018/02/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/07/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/08/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0147-6513(18)30669-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.072 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Nov 30;164:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.072. 
      Epub 2018 Aug 6.