PMID- 30114417 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200103 LR - 20220408 IS - 1549-4713 (Electronic) IS - 0161-6420 (Print) IS - 0161-6420 (Linking) VI - 126 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Apr TI - Spectral-Domain OCT Measurements in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. PG - 497-510 LID - S0161-6420(18)30258-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.009 [doi] AB - TOPIC: OCT is a noninvasive tool to measure specific retinal layers in the eye. The relationship of retinal spectral-domain (SD) OCT measurements with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclear. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the SD OCT measurements in AD and MCI. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Current methods of diagnosing early AD are expensive and invasive. Retinal measurements of SD OCT, which are noninvasive, technically simple, and inexpensive, are potential biomarkers of AD. METHODS: We conducted a literature search in PubMed and Excerpta Medica Database to identify studies published before December 31, 2017, that assessed the associations between AD, MCI, and measurements of SD OCT: ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL), ganglion cell complex (GCC), macular volume, and choroidal thickness, in addition to retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness. We used a random-effects model to examine these relationships. We also conducted meta-regression and assessed heterogeneity, publication bias, and study quality. RESULTS: We identified 30 eligible studies, involving 1257 AD patients, 305 MCI patients, and 1460 controls, all of which were cross-sectional studies. In terms of the macular structure, AD patients showed significant differences in GC-IPL thickness (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.80 to -0.11; I(2) = 71%), GCC thickness (SMD, -0.84; 95% CI, -1.10 to -0.57; I(2) = 0%), macular volume (SMD, -0.58; 95% CI, -1.03 to -0.14; I(2) = 80%), and macular thickness of all inner and outer sectors (SMD range, -0.52 to -0.74; all P < 0.001) when compared with controls. Peripapillary RNFL thickness (SMD, -0.67; 95% CI, -0.95 to -0.38; I(2) = 89%) and choroidal thickness (SMD range, -0.88 to -1.03; all P < 0.001) also were thinner in AD patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirmed the associations between retinal measurements of SD OCT and AD, highlighting the potential usefulness of SD OCT measurements as biomarkers of AD. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Chan, Victor T T AU - Chan VTT AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Sun, Zihan AU - Sun Z AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Tang, Shumin AU - Tang S AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Chen, Li Jia AU - Chen LJ AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wong, Adrian AU - Wong A AD - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Tham, Clement C AU - Tham CC AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Wong, Tien Y AU - Wong TY AD - Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore. FAU - Chen, Christopher AU - Chen C AD - Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore. FAU - Ikram, M Kamran AU - Ikram MK AD - Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Whitson, Heather E AU - Whitson HE AD - Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Lad, Eleonora M AU - Lad EM AD - Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. FAU - Mok, Vincent C T AU - Mok VCT AD - Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. FAU - Cheung, Carol Y AU - Cheung CY AD - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: carolcheung@cuhk.edu.hk. LA - eng GR - P30 AG028716/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG043438/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - U13 AG054139/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - UH2 AG056925/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20180813 PL - United States TA - Ophthalmology JT - Ophthalmology JID - 7802443 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) SB - IM CIN - Ophthalmology. 2019 Apr;126(4):511-512. PMID: 30910035 MH - Alzheimer Disease/*diagnostic imaging MH - Biomarkers MH - Cognitive Dysfunction/*diagnostic imaging MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Humans MH - Nerve Fibers/pathology MH - Organ Size MH - Retina/diagnostic imaging MH - Retinal Diseases/*diagnostic imaging MH - Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology MH - Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods PMC - PMC6424641 MID - NIHMS1503524 COIS- Conflict of Interest: None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to disclose EDAT- 2018/08/17 06:00 MHDA- 2020/01/04 06:00 PMCR- 2020/04/01 CRDT- 2018/08/17 06:00 PHST- 2018/01/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/08/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/08/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/08/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/01/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/08/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0161-6420(18)30258-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.009 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ophthalmology. 2019 Apr;126(4):497-510. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Aug 13.