PMID- 30148835 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190208 LR - 20190215 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 8 DP - 2018 TI - Chemoproteomic identification of molecular targets of antifungal prototypes, thiosemicarbazide and a camphene derivative of thiosemicarbazide, in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. PG - e0201948 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0201948 [doi] LID - e0201948 AB - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a neglected human systemic disease caused by species of the genus Paracoccidioides. The disease attacks the host's lungs and may disseminate to many other organs. Treatment involves amphotericin B, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, or fluconazole. The treatment duration is usually long, from 6 months to 2 years, and many adverse effects may occur in relation to the treatment; co-morbidities and poor treatment adherence have been noted. Therefore, the discovery of more effective and less toxic drugs is needed. Thiosemicarbazide (TSC) and a camphene derivative of thiosemicarbazide (TSC-C) were able to inhibit P. brasiliensis growth at a low dosage and were not toxic to fibroblast cells. In order to investigate the mode of action of those compounds, we used a chemoproteomic approach to determine which fungal proteins were bound to each of these compounds. The compounds were able to inhibit the activities of the enzyme formamidase and interfered in P. brasiliensis dimorphism. In comparison with the transcriptomic and proteomic data previously obtained by our group, we determined that TSC and TSC-C were multitarget compounds that exerted effects on the electron-transport chain and cell cycle regulation, increased ROS formation, inhibited proteasomes and peptidases, modulated glycolysis, lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolisms, and caused suppressed the mycelium to yeast transition. FAU - Borba, Joyce Villa Verde Bastos AU - Borba JVVB AD - Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Tauhata, Sinji Borges Ferreira AU - Tauhata SBF AD - Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Oliveira, Cecilia Maria Alves de AU - Oliveira CMA AD - Laboratorio de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Ferreira Marques, Monique AU - Ferreira Marques M AD - Laboratorio de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Bailao, Alexandre Melo AU - Bailao AM AD - Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Soares, Celia Maria de Almeida AU - Soares CMA AD - Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. FAU - Pereira, Maristela AU - Pereira M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5482-8036 AD - Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Goias, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180827 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (Antifungal Agents) RN - 0 (Fungal Proteins) RN - 0 (Semicarbazides) RN - 6056O8W6ET (thiosemicarbazide) RN - EC 3.5.- (Amidohydrolases) RN - EC 3.5.1.49 (formamidase) SB - IM MH - Amidohydrolases/metabolism MH - Animals MH - Antifungal Agents/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology MH - BALB 3T3 Cells MH - Cell Survival/drug effects MH - Drug Discovery MH - Enzyme Activation/drug effects MH - Fungal Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - Microbial Sensitivity Tests MH - Paracoccidioides/*drug effects/*metabolism MH - Protein Binding MH - *Proteomics/methods MH - Semicarbazides/*chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology PMC - PMC6110461 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2018/08/28 06:00 MHDA- 2019/02/09 06:00 PMCR- 2018/08/27 CRDT- 2018/08/28 06:00 PHST- 2018/02/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/07/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/08/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/08/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/02/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-18-05592 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0201948 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2018 Aug 27;13(8):e0201948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201948. eCollection 2018.