PMID- 30150214
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190515
LR  - 20190515
IS  - 1098-4275 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-4005 (Linking)
VI  - 142
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Sep
TI  - Prescription Medication Use Among Children and Adolescents in the United States.
LID - e20181042 [pii]
LID - 10.1542/peds.2018-1042 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Information on the use of prescription medications 
      among children and adolescents in the United States is lacking. We estimate the 
      prevalence of prescription medication use, concurrent use, and potential major 
      drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in this population. METHODS: We conducted 
      descriptive analyses using nationally representative data for people </=19 years 
      old from NHANES. Data were derived from a medication log administered by direct 
      observation during in-home interviews. Acute medications were used for </=30 days. 
      Concurrent use was defined as use of >/=2 prescription medications. Micromedex was 
      used to identify potentially major DDIs. RESULTS: During 2013-2014, 19.8% of 
      children and adolescents used at least 1 prescription medication, and 7.1% used 
      acute medications. Concurrent use of prescription medications was 7.5% overall 
      and was highest among boys 6 to 12 years old (12%) and among boys and girls ages 
      13 to 19 years old (10% for both). Using pooled 2009-2014 data, we found that 
      8.2% of concurrent users of prescription medications were at risk for a 
      potentially major DDI. The vast majority of interacting regimens involved 
      antidepressants and were more common among adolescent girls than boys (18.1% vs 
      6.6%; P < .05), driven largely by greater rates of use of acute medications. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Many US children and adolescents use prescription medications with 
      nearly 1 in 12 concurrent users of prescription medications potentially at risk 
      for a major DDI. Efforts to prevent adverse drug events in children and 
      adolescents should consider the role of interacting drug combinations, especially 
      among adolescent girls.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
FAU - Qato, Dima M
AU  - Qato DM
AD  - Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy and 
      dimaqato@uic.edu.
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University 
      of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
FAU - Alexander, G Caleb
AU  - Alexander GC
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and.
AD  - Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 
      Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and.
FAU - Guadamuz, Jenny S
AU  - Guadamuz JS
AD  - Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy and.
FAU - Lindau, Stacy Tessler
AU  - Lindau ST
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, 
      Illinois.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatrics
JT  - Pediatrics
JID - 0376422
RN  - 0 (Prescription Drugs)
SB  - IM
CIN - Pediatrics. 2018 Sep;142(3):. PMID: 30150208
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Drug Interactions
MH  - Drug Utilization/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Prescription Drugs/*administration & dosage
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - United States
MH  - Young Adult
COIS- POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Dr Alexander is chair of the Food and Drug 
      Administration's Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee; serves 
      as a paid advisor to IQVIA; serves on the advisory board of MesaRx Innovations; 
      holds equity in Monument Analytics, a health care consultancy whose clients 
      include the life sciences industry as well as plaintiffs in opioid litigation; 
      and serves as a member of OptumRx's Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. This 
      arrangement has been reviewed and approved by Johns Hopkins University in 
      accordance with its conflict of interest policies; and the other authors have 
      indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2018/08/29 06:00
MHDA- 2019/05/16 06:00
CRDT- 2018/08/29 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/08/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/05/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - peds.2018-1042 [pii]
AID - 10.1542/peds.2018-1042 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatrics. 2018 Sep;142(3):e20181042. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-1042.