PMID- 30151601
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181030
LR  - 20181114
IS  - 1435-702X (Electronic)
IS  - 0721-832X (Linking)
VI  - 256
IP  - 11
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - Early morpho-functional changes in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: a 
      prospective cohort study.
PG  - 2201-2210
LID - 10.1007/s00417-018-4103-9 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: We aimed to find earlier morphological and functional alterations in the 
      retinas of patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). This was a prospective 
      cohort study. METHODS: We examined 33 patients (mean age, 57.14 [SD, 
      11.02] years) who were affected by various types of rheumatic diseases. The mean 
      treatment period was 124.7 [SD, 99.4] months, and the mean total drug intake was 
      5.41 [SD, 3.34] g daily at baseline. The control group consisted of 28 subjects 
      with a mean age of 61.25 [SD, 2.16 years]. The set of tests encompassed 
      best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), 
      spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus auto fluorescence 
      (FAF), the 10-2 automated visual field (VF) test (10-2 VF), and 
      frequency-doubling technology (FDT). RESULTS: The mfERG P1 wave density 
      amplitudes decreased in all the rings, from 31.10 to 28.02 (p = 0.008) in the 
      first ring, and from 18.29 to 16.55 [p < 0.001], from 12.050 to 10.91 
      [p = 0.002], from 9.53 to 8.69 [p = 0.003], and from 8.25 to 7.48 
      [p = 0.001] nanovolts/degree(2) in rings 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. A 
      significant reduction was found also in the N1 wave in the second ring. The 
      SD-OCT retinal thickness measurement revealed significant thinning in five 
      sectors, including the outer and inner nasal sectors, the outer and inner 
      temporal sectors, and the inner superior sector. The 10-2 VF mean deviation 
      paradoxically improved, while minimal FAF alterations in the retinal pigment 
      epithelium were found in eight eyes. CONCLUSIONS: mfERGs and SD-OCT were altered 
      in our patients before significant retinal changes occurred.
FAU - Ruberto, Giulio
AU  - Ruberto G
AD  - Ophthalmic Clinic, San Matteo Hospital, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy. 
      rubertog@smatteo.pv.it.
FAU - Bruttini, Carlo
AU  - Bruttini C
AD  - Ophthalmic Clinic, San Matteo Hospital, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Tinelli, Carmine
AU  - Tinelli C
AD  - Biometric Service, San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Cavagna, Lorenzo
AU  - Cavagna L
AD  - Rheumatology Clinic, San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Bianchi, Alessandro
AU  - Bianchi A
AD  - Ophthalmic Clinic, San Matteo Hospital, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Milano, Giovanni
AU  - Milano G
AD  - Ophthalmic Clinic, San Matteo Hospital, viale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180827
PL  - Germany
TA  - Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
JT  - Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von 
      Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
JID - 8205248
RN  - 0 (Antirheumatic Agents)
RN  - 4QWG6N8QKH (Hydroxychloroquine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antirheumatic Agents/*therapeutic use/toxicity
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Electroretinography
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydroxychloroquine/*therapeutic use/toxicity
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Retina/drug effects/*physiopathology
MH  - Retinal Diseases/chemically induced/physiopathology
MH  - Rheumatic Diseases/*drug therapy/physiopathology
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence
MH  - Tonometry, Ocular
MH  - Visual Acuity/physiology
MH  - Visual Field Tests
MH  - Visual Fields/physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Frequency-doubling technology
OT  - Hydroxychloroquine
OT  - Maculopathy
OT  - SD-OCT
OT  - Visual field
OT  - mfERG
EDAT- 2018/08/29 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/31 06:00
CRDT- 2018/08/29 06:00
PHST- 2018/03/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/08/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00417-018-4103-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00417-018-4103-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2018 Nov;256(11):2201-2210. doi: 
      10.1007/s00417-018-4103-9. Epub 2018 Aug 27.