PMID- 30189199 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181211 LR - 20181211 IS - 1873-6254 (Electronic) IS - 0001-706X (Linking) VI - 188 DP - 2018 Dec TI - First detection of Anopheles stephensi Liston, 1901 (Diptera: culicidae) in Ethiopia using molecular and morphological approaches. PG - 180-186 LID - S0001-706X(18)30561-8 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.001 [doi] AB - Malaria is a major public health concern in Ethiopia. With the increase in malaria cases in the Somali Region of Ethiopia, understanding the distribution and identifying the species of malaria vectors is vital to public health. Here we report the first detection of Anopheles stephensi in Ethiopia, a malaria vector typically found in the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, and China, but recently found in Djibouti. An entomological investigation was conducted during November to December 2016 in Kebri Dehar town of the Ethiopian Somali Regional State as ancillary work for Anopheles spp. surveillance. Mosquito larvae were collected from water reservoirs. Larvae were reared in the laboratory to the adult stage and identified morphologically. PCR and sequencing of cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) loci were performed. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) was used to compare sample sequences to sequences in the NCBI nucleotide database for species identification. To further analyze the relationship between the specimen we collected in Kebri Dehar and other Anopheles samples available in Genbank, phylogenetic analysis was performed using a maximum likelihood approach. Molecular and morphological results confirm specimens were An. stephensi. The closest high scoring hit was for all specimens was for the An. stephensi sequence. Independent phylogenetic analyses of COI and ITS2 sequences revealed in both cases strong bootstrap (100) support for our sequence forming a clade with other An. stephensi sequences to the exclusion of any other species of Anopheles. In conclusion, Anopheles stephensi is present in Kebri Dehar town in Ethiopia. These findings highlight the need for additional research to examine the role of An. stephensi in malaria transmission in Ethiopia. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Carter, Tamar E AU - Carter TE AD - Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA. Electronic address: tamar_carter@baylor.edu. FAU - Yared, Solomon AU - Yared S AD - Department of Biology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia. Electronic address: solyar2005@yahoo.com. FAU - Gebresilassie, Araya AU - Gebresilassie A AD - Department of Biology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia. Electronic address: arayagh2006@yahoo.com. FAU - Bonnell, Victoria AU - Bonnell V AD - Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA. Electronic address: vab18@psu.edu. FAU - Damodaran, Lambodhar AU - Damodaran L AD - Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA. Electronic address: ldamodar@uncc.edu. FAU - Lopez, Karen AU - Lopez K AD - Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA. Electronic address: klopez1@uncc.edu. FAU - Ibrahim, Mohammed AU - Ibrahim M AD - College of Veterinary Medicine, Jigjiga University, Ethiopia. Electronic address: fahmi32@hotmail.com. FAU - Mohammed, Seid AU - Mohammed S AD - Department of Animal and Range Science, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia. Electronic address: seid514@gmail.com. FAU - Janies, Daniel AU - Janies D AD - Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA. Electronic address: djanies@uncc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20180903 PL - Netherlands TA - Acta Trop JT - Acta tropica JID - 0370374 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Anopheles/*classification MH - Base Sequence MH - Entomology/methods MH - Ethiopia MH - Larva/genetics MH - Malaria/*transmission MH - Mosquito Vectors/*classification MH - Phylogeny MH - Polymerase Chain Reaction OTO - NOTNLM OT - Anopheles stephensi OT - COI OT - Horn of Africa OT - ITS2 OT - Kebri Dehar OT - Malaria OT - Phylogenetics EDAT- 2018/09/07 06:00 MHDA- 2018/12/12 06:00 CRDT- 2018/09/07 06:00 PHST- 2018/05/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/09/01 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/09/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/09/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/12/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/09/07 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0001-706X(18)30561-8 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Acta Trop. 2018 Dec;188:180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.001. Epub 2018 Sep 3.