PMID- 30195245
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200113
LR  - 20200113
IS  - 1873-1244 (Electronic)
IS  - 0899-9007 (Linking)
VI  - 57
DP  - 2019 Jan
TI  - Dietary carbohydrate quality and quantity in relation to the incidence of type 2 
      diabetes: A prospective cohort study of middle-aged and older Korean adults.
PG  - 245-251
LID - S0899-9007(18)30365-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.nut.2018.04.011 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether dietary glycemic load (GL), 
      glycemic index (GI), and carbohydrate intake were prospectively associated with 
      incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a middle-aged and older Korean 
      populations. METHODS: Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were 
      used. A total of 7294 Korean adults ages 40 y to 69 y and with no previous 
      diagnosis of T2DM or cancer at baseline were followed for 10 y. Dietary GL, GI, 
      and carbohydrate intake were estimated on the basis of participants' responses to 
      a validated, semiquantitative, food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. T2DM was 
      defined according to the World Health Organization and International Diabetes 
      Federation criteria. RESULTS: During 7.7 y (56 377 person-years) of follow-up 
      time, 1259 participants (17.3%) developed T2DM. Grain and its products 
      (particularly refined and whole grains) were the greatest contributors to dietary 
      GL. In the multivariable Cox models, dietary GL was differentially associated 
      with T2DM risk by sex. Men in the highest quintile demonstrated a higher risk of 
      T2DM incidence than did those with the lowest, energy-adjusted, dietary GL 
      (hazard ratio for fifth vs. first quarter = 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 
      1.05-1.52; P for trend < 0.05) but no association between dietary GL and the risk 
      of T2DM was observed in women. Similar to the findings from the main models, the 
      effect of dietary GL on T2DM incidence according to body mass index, abdominal 
      obesity, and physical activity levels differed substantially by sex. CONCLUSIONS: 
      High GL diets may increase the risk of the development of T2DM in middle-aged and 
      older Korean men but not in women. Nutrition education and emphasis on 
      self-monitoring of dietary carbohydrate quality and quantity of overall diets is 
      necessary in the middle-aged and older Korean populations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lee, Kyung Won
AU  - Lee KW
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Health Index, Center for Genome Science, Korea 
      National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.
FAU - Lyu, Jieun
AU  - Lyu J
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Health Index, Center for Genome Science, Korea 
      National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.
FAU - Park, Jae Kyung
AU  - Park JK
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Health Index, Center for Genome Science, Korea 
      National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.
FAU - Jo, Chulman
AU  - Jo C
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Health Index, Center for Genome Science, Korea 
      National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sung Soo
AU  - Kim SS
AD  - Division of Epidemiology and Health Index, Center for Genome Science, Korea 
      National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
      Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. Electronic address: ksungsoo@korea.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180524
PL  - United States
TA  - Nutrition
JT  - Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
JID - 8802712
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/*etiology/prevention & control
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*adverse effects/blood/standards
MH  - Edible Grain/adverse effects
MH  - Exercise
MH  - *Feeding Behavior
MH  - Female
MH  - *Glycemic Index
MH  - *Glycemic Load
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Obesity, Abdominal/complications
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Republic of Korea/epidemiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Dietary glycemic load
OT  - KoGES
OT  - Korean adults
OT  - Prospective studies
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2018/09/09 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/14 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/09 06:00
PHST- 2017/12/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/03/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/04/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/09 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0899-9007(18)30365-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.nut.2018.04.011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutrition. 2019 Jan;57:245-251. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 May 24.