PMID- 30200582 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181217 LR - 20230928 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 9 DP - 2018 Sep 6 TI - Effect of Whey Protein Supplementation on Physical Performance and Body Composition in Army Initial Entry Training Soldiers. LID - 10.3390/nu10091248 [doi] LID - 1248 AB - We investigated the effects of whey protein (WP) supplementation on body composition and physical performance in soldiers participating in Army Initial Entry Training (IET). Sixty-nine, male United States Army soldiers volunteered for supplementation with either twice daily whey protein (WP, 77 g/day protein, ~580 kcal/day; n = 34, age = 19 +/- 1 year, height = 173 +/- 6 cm, weight = 73.4 +/- 12.7 kg) or energy-matched carbohydrate (CHO) drinks (CHO, 127 g/day carbohydrate, ~580 kcal/day; n = 35, age = 19 +/- 1 year, height = 173 +/- 5 cm, weight = 72.3 +/- 10.9 kg) for eight weeks during IET. Physical performance was evaluated using the Army Physical Fitness Test during weeks two and eight. Body composition was assessed using 7-site skinfold assessment during weeks one and nine. Post-testing push-up performance averaged 7 repetitions higher in the WP compared to the CHO group (F = 10.1, p < 0.001) when controlling for baseline. There was a significant decrease in fat mass at post-training (F = 4.63, p = 0.04), but no significant change in run performance (F = 3.50, p = 0.065) or fat-free mass (F = 0.70, p = 0.41). Effect sizes for fat-free mass gains were large for both the WP (Cohen's d = 0.44) and CHO (Cohen's d = 0.42) groups. WP had a large effect on fat mass (FM) loss (Cohen's d = -0.67), while CHO had a medium effect (Cohen's d = -0.40). Twice daily supplementation with WP improved push-up performance and potentiated reductions in fat mass during IET training in comparison to CHO supplementation. FAU - McAdam, Jeremy S AU - McAdam JS AD - Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. jsm0039@auburn.edu. FAU - McGinnis, Kaitlin D AU - McGinnis KD AD - Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. kdm0031@auburn.edu. FAU - Beck, Darren T AU - Beck DT AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. dbeck@auburn.vcom.edu. AD - Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (Auburn Campus), Auburn, AL 36849, USA. dbeck@auburn.vcom.edu. FAU - Haun, Cody T AU - Haun CT AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5616-9783 AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. cth0023@auburn.edu. FAU - Romero, Matthew A AU - Romero MA AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. mzr0049@auburn.edu. FAU - Mumford, Petey W AU - Mumford PW AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. pwm0009@auburn.edu. FAU - Roberson, Paul A AU - Roberson PA AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. par0021@auburn.edu. FAU - Young, Kaelin C AU - Young KC AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. kyoung@auburn.vcom.edu. AD - Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (Auburn Campus), Auburn, AL 36849, USA. kyoung@auburn.vcom.edu. FAU - Lohse, Keith R AU - Lohse KR AD - Neurorehabilitation Informatics Lab, Department of Health, Kinesiology, & Recreation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. Keith.Lohse@health.utah.edu. FAU - Lockwood, Christopher M AU - Lockwood CM AD - Lockwood LLC, Draper, UT 84020, USA. chris@drchrislockwood.com. FAU - Roberts, Michael D AU - Roberts MD AD - Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. mdr0024@auburn.edu. AD - Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (Auburn Campus), Auburn, AL 36849, USA. mdr0024@auburn.edu. FAU - Sefton, JoEllen M AU - Sefton JM AD - Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. jms0018@auburn.edu. LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20180906 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates) RN - 0 (Whey Proteins) SB - IM MH - Adiposity MH - Adolescent MH - *Body Composition MH - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Military Personnel MH - Muscle Strength MH - Nutritional Status MH - *Nutritive Value MH - Physical Conditioning, Human/*methods MH - Physical Endurance MH - *Physical Fitness MH - Time Factors MH - Whey Proteins/*administration & dosage MH - Young Adult PMC - PMC6165280 OTO - NOTNLM OT - basic training OT - military OT - nutrition OT - recovery OT - soldiers COIS- There are no conflict of interest with the publication of this research investigation. Supplements were donated to the Warrior Research Center by Bionutritional Research Group (Irvine, CA, USA) and Hilmar Ingredients (Hilmar, CA, USA). Dr. Chris Lockwood of Lockwood, LLC (C.M.L., Draper, UT, USA) solicited these donations. The data presented here are honestly presented without falsification, fabrication, or inappropriate manipulation. EDAT- 2018/09/12 06:00 MHDA- 2018/12/18 06:00 PMCR- 2018/09/01 CRDT- 2018/09/12 06:00 PHST- 2018/07/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/08/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/08/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/09/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/09/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/12/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu10091248 [pii] AID - nutrients-10-01248 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu10091248 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2018 Sep 6;10(9):1248. doi: 10.3390/nu10091248.