PMID- 30208279
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190730
LR  - 20190730
IS  - 1715-5320 (Electronic)
IS  - 1715-5312 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 4
DP  - 2019 Apr
TI  - Improving hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis as a postulated mechanism for the 
      antidiabetic effect of Spirulina platensis in comparison with metformin.
PG  - 357-364
LID - 10.1139/apnm-2018-0354 [doi]
AB  - Various nutritional and medicinal potencies have been accredited to metabolites 
      from the cyanobacteria, Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) sp. Hence, 
      our study was designed to examine whether the Spirulina supplementation would 
      possess beneficial effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison with 
      metformin. High-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) model was adopted and 
      the diabetic rats were orally treated with metformin (200 mg/kg) or Spirulina 
      (250 or 500 or 750 mg/kg) for 30 days. Spirulina ameliorated the HFD/STZ-induced 
      elevation of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and hepatic enzymes. Moreover, 
      Spirulina successfully rectified disrupted serum lipid profile and exhibited an 
      anti-inflammatory effect via tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin modulation. 
      On the molecular level, Spirulina reduced the expression of hepatic sterol 
      regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), confirming its lipotropic 
      effect. Furthermore, Spirulina amended compromised hepatic mitochondrial 
      biogenesis signaling by significantly increasing peroxisome 
      proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha), mitochondrial 
      transcription factor A (Tfam), and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number. On 
      almost all parameters, the highest dose of Spirulina showed the best effects, 
      which were comparable to that of metformin. To our knowledge, our study is the 
      first to attribute the various aspects of the effect of Spirulina to the SREBP-1c 
      and PGC-1alpha/Tfam/mtDNA pathways in liver. The present results clearly proved that 
      Spirulina modulated glucose/lipid profile and exhibited prominent 
      anti-inflammatory properties through SREBP-1c inhibition and hepatic 
      mitochondrial biogenesis enhancement. Thus, Spirulina can be considered as an 
      add-on to conventional antidiabetic agents and might influence the whole dynamics 
      of the therapeutic approaches in T2DM.
FAU - Oriquat, Ghaleb A
AU  - Oriquat GA
AD  - a Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 
      19328, Jordan.
FAU - Ali, Mennatallah A
AU  - Ali MA
AD  - b Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug 
      Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, PO Box 37, Alexandria 21648, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Mahmoud, Shimaa A
AU  - Mahmoud SA
AD  - c Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 
      Alexandria 21561, Egypt.
FAU - Eid, Rania M H M
AU  - Eid RMHM
AD  - d Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Hassan, Rania
AU  - Hassan R
AD  - e Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Pharos University in 
      Alexandria, Alexandria 21648, Egypt.
FAU - Kamel, Maher A
AU  - Kamel MA
AD  - c Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 
      Alexandria 21561, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180912
PL  - Canada
TA  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab
JT  - Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition 
      et metabolisme
JID - 101264333
RN  - 0 (Adiponectin)
RN  - 0 (Adipoq protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Mitochondrial)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Srebf1 protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1)
RN  - 0 (Tfam protein, rat)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 5W494URQ81 (Streptozocin)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
MH  - Adiponectin/blood
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - Blood Glucose/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - DNA Copy Number Variations
MH  - DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood/chemically induced/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/chemically induced/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Diet, High-Fat
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Liver/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Metformin/*pharmacology
MH  - Mitochondria, Liver/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - *Organelle Biogenesis
MH  - Probiotics/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
MH  - *Spirulina
MH  - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Streptozocin
MH  - Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HFD/STZ
OT  - HFD/STZ type 2 diabetic rats
OT  - PGC-1alpha
OT  - SREBP-1c
OT  - Tfam
OT  - adiponectin
OT  - adiponectine
OT  - biogenese mitochondriale
OT  - insulin resistance
OT  - insulinoresistance
OT  - mitochondrial biogenesis
OT  - mtDNa copy number
OT  - nombre de copies d'ADNmt
OT  - rats diabetiques de type 2
EDAT- 2018/09/13 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/31 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/13 06:00
PHST- 2018/09/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/13 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1139/apnm-2018-0354 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019 Apr;44(4):357-364. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0354. 
      Epub 2018 Sep 12.