PMID- 30218423
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190125
LR  - 20190125
IS  - 1559-1166 (Electronic)
IS  - 0895-8696 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 3
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Prevents Short-Term Memory Deficit Induced by 
      Chronic Stress in Rats.
PG  - 314-321
LID - 10.1007/s12031-018-1161-8 [doi]
AB  - Long-term exposure to stressful conditions could impair the normal brain 
      structure and function, specifically the hippocampus-dependent memory. This 
      impairment could be attributed to a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
      (BDNF) levels during chronic stress. Knowing that carob [Ceratonia siliqua L. 
      (Fabaceae)] is rich in a wide variety of polyphenols with a high antioxidant 
      value, we hypothesized that the methanolic carob extract (C. siliqua) pods will 
      prevent stress-induced memory impairment. Hence, the methanolic extract of carob 
      pods was investigated for its ability to enhance learning and memory as well as 
      to protect from memory impairment in normal stressed animals. Rats were 
      chronically stressed for 7 weeks via the intruder stress model. Carob extract was 
      administered to animals via intraperitoneal (i.p.) route at a daily dose of 
      50 mg/kg. Radial arm water maze (RAWM) was utilized to test for spatial learning 
      and memory. In addition, brain tissues were dissected to determine BDNF levels. 
      Chronic stress (CS) impaired short-term spatial memory (number of committed 
      errors: P < 0.05, days to criterion (DTC): P < 0.001). Animal treatment with 
      carob pod extract prevented the short-term memory impairment induced by CS 
      (P < 0.05), while such treatment showed no effect on memory functions of 
      unstressed rats. Moreover, carob pod extract prevented the reduction in the 
      hippocampal BDNF (P < 0.05) induced by chronic stress exposure. In conclusion, CS 
      impaired short-term memory function, while methanolic extract of carob pods 
      prevented this impairment, probably as a result of preventing reduction in BDNF 
      levels in the hippocampus.
FAU - Alzoubi, Karem H
AU  - Alzoubi KH
AD  - Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of 
      Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
FAU - Alibbini, Sanaa
AU  - Alibbini S
AD  - Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan 
      University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
FAU - Khabour, Omar F
AU  - Khabour OF
AD  - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and 
      Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
FAU - El-Elimat, Tamam
AU  - El-Elimat T
AD  - Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan 
      University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
FAU - Al-Zubi, Mohammad
AU  - Al-Zubi M
AD  - Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
FAU - Alali, Feras Q
AU  - Alali FQ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8624-6869
AD  - College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar. Feras.alali@qu.edu.qa.
LA  - eng
GR  - 73/2008/Jordan University of Science and Technology/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180914
PL  - United States
TA  - J Mol Neurosci
JT  - Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN
JID - 9002991
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Fabaceae/*chemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning
MH  - Memory Disorders/*drug therapy/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - *Memory, Short-Term
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Stress, Psychological/*complications
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antioxidant
OT  - BDNF
OT  - Carob
OT  - Ceratonia silique
OT  - Hippocampus
OT  - Learning
OT  - Memory
OT  - Stress
EDAT- 2018/09/16 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/27 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/04/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/16 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s12031-018-1161-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s12031-018-1161-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov;66(3):314-321. doi: 10.1007/s12031-018-1161-8. Epub 2018 
      Sep 14.