PMID- 30228855
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181116
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1942-0994 (Electronic)
IS  - 1942-0900 (Print)
IS  - 1942-0994 (Linking)
VI  - 2018
DP  - 2018
TI  - Neuroprotective Effects of Polydeoxyribonucleotide in a Murine Model of Cadmium 
      Toxicity.
PG  - 4285694
LID - 10.1155/2018/4285694 [doi]
LID - 4285694
AB  - Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal, which causes severe brain damage and 
      neurotoxic effects. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) stimulates adenosine A(2A) 
      receptor, thus contrasting several deleterious mechanisms in course of tissue 
      damages. We aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of PDRN in a 
      murine model of Cd-induced brain toxicity. Male C57 BL/6J mice were treated as 
      follows: vehicle (0.9% NaCl, 1 ml/kg/day), PDRN (8 mg/kg/day), CdCl(2) 
      (2 mg/kg/day), and CdCl(2) + PDRN. Animals were tested with the Morris water maze 
      test to assess spatial memory and learning. After 14 days of treatment, brains 
      were processed to evaluate the presence of edema in the cerebral tissue, the 
      expression of mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and brain-derived 
      neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the morphological behavior of the hippocampal 
      structures. After CdCl(2) administration, the escape latency was high, protein 
      expression of BDNF was significantly decreased if compared to controls, mTOR 
      levels were higher than normal controls, and brain edema and neuronal damages 
      were evident. The coadministration of CdCl(2) and PDRN significantly diminished 
      the escape latency, increased BDNF levels, and decreased protein expression of 
      mTOR. Furthermore, brain edema was reduced and the structural organization and 
      the number of neurons, particularly in the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal areas, were 
      improved. In conclusion, a functional, biochemical, and morphological protective 
      effect of PDRN against Cd induced toxicity was demonstrated in mouse brain.
FAU - Marini, Herbert R
AU  - Marini HR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8254-177X
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Puzzolo, Domenico
AU  - Puzzolo D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1651-1409
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Micali, Antonio
AU  - Micali A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0826-1910
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Adamo, Elena Bianca
AU  - Adamo EB
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Irrera, Natasha
AU  - Irrera N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1134-7080
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Pisani, Antonina
AU  - Pisani A
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Pallio, Giovanni
AU  - Pallio G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4187-2265
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Trichilo, Vincenzo
AU  - Trichilo V
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Malta, Consuelo
AU  - Malta C
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Bitto, Alessandra
AU  - Bitto A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9300-7532
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Squadrito, Francesco
AU  - Squadrito F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8868-0762
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
FAU - Altavilla, Domenica
AU  - Altavilla D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1033-0527
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, 
      University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
FAU - Minutoli, Letteria
AU  - Minutoli L
AD  - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, 
      Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180829
PL  - United States
TA  - Oxid Med Cell Longev
JT  - Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
JID - 101479826
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents)
RN  - 0 (Polydeoxyribonucleotides)
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
SB  - IM
EIN - Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Dec 13;2018:9176012. PMID: 30647819
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain Edema/pathology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Cadmium/*toxicity
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Hippocampus/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Malondialdehyde/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Neuroprotective Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Polydeoxyribonucleotides/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Reaction Time/drug effects
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
PMC - PMC6136506
EDAT- 2018/09/20 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/18 06:00
PMCR- 2018/08/29
CRDT- 2018/09/20 06:00
PHST- 2018/04/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/07/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/09/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2018/4285694 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018 Aug 29;2018:4285694. doi: 10.1155/2018/4285694. 
      eCollection 2018.