PMID- 30235352 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190122 LR - 20201209 IS - 1553-7374 (Electronic) IS - 1553-7366 (Print) IS - 1553-7366 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 9 DP - 2018 Sep TI - Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (NBs) induce latent/quiescent HSV-1 genomes chromatinization through a PML NB/Histone H3.3/H3.3 Chaperone Axis. PG - e1007313 LID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007313 [doi] LID - e1007313 AB - Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) latency establishment is tightly controlled by promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (NBs) (or ND10), although their exact contribution is still elusive. A hallmark of HSV-1 latency is the interaction between latent viral genomes and PML NBs, leading to the formation of viral DNA-containing PML NBs (vDCP NBs), and the complete silencing of HSV-1. Using a replication-defective HSV-1-infected human primary fibroblast model reproducing the formation of vDCP NBs, combined with an immuno-FISH approach developed to detect latent/quiescent HSV-1, we show that vDCP NBs contain both histone H3.3 and its chaperone complexes, i.e., DAXX/ATRX and HIRA complex (HIRA, UBN1, CABIN1, and ASF1a). HIRA also co-localizes with vDCP NBs present in trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons from HSV-1-infected wild type mice. ChIP and Re-ChIP show that vDCP NBs-associated latent/quiescent viral genomes are chromatinized almost exclusively with H3.3 modified on its lysine (K) 9 by trimethylation, consistent with an interaction of the H3.3 chaperones with multiple viral loci and with the transcriptional silencing of HSV-1. Only simultaneous inactivation of both H3.3 chaperone complexes has a significant impact on the deposition of H3.3 on viral genomes, suggesting a compensation mechanism. In contrast, the sole depletion of PML significantly impacts the chromatinization of the latent/quiescent viral genomes with H3.3 without any overall replacement with H3.1. vDCP NBs-associated HSV-1 genomes are not definitively silenced since the destabilization of vDCP NBs by ICP0, which is essential for HSV-1 reactivation in vivo, allows the recovery of a transcriptional lytic program and the replication of viral genomes. Consequently, the present study demonstrates a specific chromatin regulation of vDCP NBs-associated latent/quiescent HSV-1 through an H3.3-dependent HSV-1 chromatinization involving the two H3.3 chaperones DAXX/ATRX and HIRA complexes. Additionally, the study reveals that PML NBs are major actors in latent/quiescent HSV-1 H3.3 chromatinization through a PML NB/histone H3.3/H3.3 chaperone axis. FAU - Cohen, Camille AU - Cohen C AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Corpet, Armelle AU - Corpet A AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Roubille, Simon AU - Roubille S AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Maroui, Mohamed Ali AU - Maroui MA AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Poccardi, Nolwenn AU - Poccardi N AD - Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Departement de Virologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. FAU - Rousseau, Antoine AU - Rousseau A AD - Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Departement de Virologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. AD - Universite Paris Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bicetre, Service d'Ophthalmologie, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France. FAU - Kleijwegt, Constance AU - Kleijwegt C AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Binda, Olivier AU - Binda O AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Texier, Pascale AU - Texier P AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. FAU - Sawtell, Nancy AU - Sawtell N AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America. FAU - Labetoulle, Marc AU - Labetoulle M AD - Institut de Biologie Integrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Departement de Virologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. AD - Universite Paris Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bicetre, Service d'Ophthalmologie, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France. FAU - Lomonte, Patrick AU - Lomonte P AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9248-648X AD - Univ Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France. LA - eng GR - R01 AI093614/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180920 PL - United States TA - PLoS Pathog JT - PLoS pathogens JID - 101238921 RN - 0 (Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing) RN - 0 (CALCOCO2 protein, human) RN - 0 (Cell Cycle Proteins) RN - 0 (Co-Repressor Proteins) RN - 0 (DAXX protein, human) RN - 0 (DNA, Viral) RN - 0 (HIRA protein, human) RN - 0 (Histone Chaperones) RN - 0 (Histones) RN - 0 (Molecular Chaperones) RN - 0 (Nuclear Proteins) RN - 0 (Pml protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - 143220-95-5 (PML protein, human) RN - EC 3.6.4.12 (ATRX protein, human) RN - EC 3.6.4.12 (X-linked Nuclear Protein) SB - IM MH - Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism MH - Animals MH - Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism MH - Cell Nucleus Structures/metabolism/virology MH - Cells, Cultured MH - Co-Repressor Proteins MH - DNA, Viral/genetics/metabolism MH - Female MH - Genome, Viral MH - Herpesvirus 1, Human/*genetics/*metabolism/pathogenicity MH - Histone Chaperones/metabolism MH - Histones/metabolism MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions MH - Humans MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Molecular Chaperones MH - Nuclear Proteins/metabolism MH - Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism MH - Transcription Factors/metabolism MH - Virus Latency/genetics/physiology MH - X-linked Nuclear Protein/metabolism PMC - PMC6168178 COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2018/09/21 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/23 06:00 PMCR- 2018/09/20 CRDT- 2018/09/21 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/09 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/08/31 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/10/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/09/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/09/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/09/20 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PPATHOGENS-D-18-01560 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007313 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS Pathog. 2018 Sep 20;14(9):e1007313. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007313. eCollection 2018 Sep.