PMID- 30253244
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190220
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1873-6351 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 122
DP  - 2018 Dec
TI  - Biological markers of harm can be detected in mice exposed for two months to low 
      doses of Third Hand Smoke under conditions that mimic human exposure.
PG  - 95-103
LID - S0278-6915(18)30692-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.048 [doi]
AB  - Third-hand smoke (THS) is a recently discovered environmental health hazard that 
      results from accumulation and aging of second-hand smoke (SHS) toxins on surfaces 
      of environments where smoking has occurred. Our objective was to determine 
      whether there is a dose-dependent effect of THS exposure on biological markers of 
      harm (BMH) using an in vivo exposure system that mimics exposure of humans to 
      THS. THS exposure generated from as low as the 10 cigarettes-smoking regimen, 
      resulted in increased circulating inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor 
      alpha, interleukin 1 alpha, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 
      We also found that there was an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone and 
      superoxide dismutase and a decrease in ATP levels in liver tissue. Many of the 
      altered BMH that are related to oxidative stress and decrease in ATP levels, 
      suggest mitochondrial dysfunction. THS exposure generated from the 20 and 40 
      cigarettes-smoking regimen resulted in further damage. Our studies are important 
      because virtually nothing is known about the physiological damage caused by 
      different levels of THS exposure. These studies can also serve to educate the 
      public on the dangers of THS and the BMH we identified can potentially be used in 
      the clinic, once verified in exposed humans.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Chen, Yuxin
AU  - Chen Y
AD  - Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, 
      Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
FAU - Adhami, Neema
AU  - Adhami N
AD  - Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, 
      Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
FAU - Martins-Green, Manuela
AU  - Martins-Green M
AD  - Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, 
      Riverside, CA, 92521, USA. Electronic address: manuela.martins@ucr.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180922
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 0 (Smoke)
RN  - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution)
RN  - 8L70Q75FXE (Adenosine Triphosphate)
RN  - 9002-60-2 (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
RN  - YKH834O4BH (Epinephrine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenosine Triphosphate/biosynthesis
MH  - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/*blood
MH  - Brain/drug effects
MH  - Cigarette Smoking/*adverse effects
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Epinephrine/blood
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
MH  - Liver/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mitochondria/drug effects
MH  - *Models, Animal
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
MH  - Smoke/adverse effects
MH  - Nicotiana
MH  - Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cigarette Smoke
OT  - Hormone Imbalance
OT  - Inflammatory Cytokines
OT  - Oxidative Stress
OT  - Response to Injury
EDAT- 2018/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/21 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/26 06:00
PHST- 2018/07/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/09/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/26 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0278-6915(18)30692-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.048 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Dec;122:95-103. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.048. Epub 2018 
      Sep 22.