PMID- 30255340
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181105
LR  - 20181114
IS  - 1432-2307 (Electronic)
IS  - 0945-6317 (Linking)
VI  - 473
IP  - 5
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - The differential diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori negative gastritis.
PG  - 533-550
LID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2454-6 [doi]
AB  - Gastric biopsies are often submitted with as clinical question Helicobacter 
      pylori (HP) infection. Regularly, the morphology suggests a HP infection but the 
      organism is not detected in special stains. This review presents a practical 
      approach to deal with such biopsies. The first step is to exclude a false 
      negative result of the search for HP, by ensuring that both antral and oxyntic 
      mucosa are present, by the use of sensitive stains, identification of marked 
      reactive changes, such as intestinal, pseudo-pyloric, pancreatic metaplasia that 
      may suggest a diagnosis of (HP associated or autoimmune) atrophic gastritis, and 
      finally identification of signs of the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) as in 
      such biopsies, HP may sometimes be found only within parietal cells. The 
      differential diagnosis should include lymphocytic gastritis, other diseases 
      affecting the stomach, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), vasculitis, 
      granulomatous disease, viral infection, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) or more 
      rarely Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, or other bacterial infections, such as 
      Enterococcus and Treponema pallidum. Clinical input may be required to ensure the 
      patient is not taking medication that may cause gastritis, such as antibiotics 
      used for HP eradication or common medications that cause a form of gastropathy. 
      When these have been excluded, a known cause has not been found and in such a 
      case, the term idiopathic focal/diffuse gastritis can be used.
FAU - El-Zimaity, Hala
AU  - El-Zimaity H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9431-3571
AD  - Dynacare Laboratories, Toronto, ON, Canada. hzimaity@gmail.com.
FAU - Choi, Won-Tak
AU  - Choi WT
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San 
      Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
FAU - Lauwers, Gregory Y
AU  - Lauwers GY
AD  - Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, and Oncologic 
      Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 
      33612, USA.
FAU - Riddell, Robert
AU  - Riddell R
AD  - Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, and Mount Sinai 
      Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180925
PL  - Germany
TA  - Virchows Arch
JT  - Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
JID - 9423843
SB  - IM
MH  - Biopsy
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Gastric Mucosa/microbiology/*pathology
MH  - Gastritis/diagnosis/microbiology/*pathology
MH  - Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis/*pathology
MH  - Helicobacter pylori/*isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Autoimmune
OT  - Drugs
OT  - Gastric atrophy
OT  - Gastropathy
OT  - H. pylori negative
OT  - Infections
OT  - Lymphocytic gastritis
OT  - Medication
EDAT- 2018/09/27 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/27 06:00
PHST- 2017/10/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/09/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/06/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/09/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2454-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00428-018-2454-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Virchows Arch. 2018 Nov;473(5):533-550. doi: 10.1007/s00428-018-2454-6. Epub 2018 
      Sep 25.