PMID- 30260396 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191203 LR - 20221207 IS - 1945-7197 (Electronic) IS - 0021-972X (Print) IS - 0021-972X (Linking) VI - 104 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Jan 1 TI - Postprandial Insulin Response and Clearance Among Black and White Women: The Federal Women's Study. PG - 181-192 LID - 10.1210/jc.2018-01032 [doi] AB - CONTEXT: Postprandial hyperinsulinemia might be an important cardiometabolic risk determinant in black compared with white women. However, the contributions of insulin clearance and beta-cell function to racial differences in postprandial insulin response are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare, by race and menopause, early insulin response to oral and intravenous glucose and to measure postprandial intact glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations, insulin clearance, and beta-cell function. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: 119 federally employed women without diabetes [87 premenopausal (52 black, 35 white) and 32 postmenopausal (19 black, 13 white)] underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose test (IM-FSIGT), and mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). OUTCOME MEASURES: Early insulin response was measured as follows: (i) insulinogenic index (oral glucose tolerance test); (ii) acute insulin response to glucose (IM-FSIGT); and (iii) ratio of incremental insulin/glucose area under the curve in the first 30 minutes of the MMTT. Insulin clearance was assessed during the IM-FSIGT and MMTT. During the MMTT, intact GLP-1 was measured and beta-cell function assessed using the insulin secretion rate and beta-cell responsivity indexes. RESULTS: Black pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women had a greater insulin response and lower insulin clearance and greater dynamic beta-cell responsivity (P