PMID- 30260489
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200911
LR  - 20200911
IS  - 1941-2444 (Electronic)
IS  - 0148-6071 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 4
DP  - 2019 May
TI  - Influences of Short-Term Fasting and Carbohydrate Supplementation on Gut Immunity 
      and Mucosal Morphology in Mice.
PG  - 516-524
LID - 10.1002/jpen.1446 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Preoperative carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation has been recommended 
      in enhanced recovery after surgery protocols. However, the effects of CHO 
      supplementation on gut and systemic immunity are not well understood. METHODS: 
      Mice (n = 60) were randomized to 1 of the following 5 groups: control (ad lib 
      feeding), 12-hour fasting without CHO administration (fasting), and 12 hours of 
      fasting with CHO administration at 2, 4, and 8 hours before sacrifice. Then, 
      lymphocytes were isolated from gut-associated lymphoid tissue, that is, Peyer's 
      patches, the intraepithelial space, and the lamina propria of the small 
      intestine. These lymphocyte numbers and phenotypes were evaluated. IgA levels in 
      respiratory and small-intestinal washings were determined by ELISA. Morphology, 
      proliferation, and apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium were also evaluated 
      histologically. RESULTS: Although there were no significant differences in IgA 
      levels among the 5 groups, fasting decreased intraepithelial and lamina propria, 
      but not Peyer's patches lymphocyte numbers. CHO at 2 hours prevented lymphocyte 
      loss in intraepithelial, whereas CHO at 4 hours reversed lamina propria 
      lymphocytes numbers. Percentages of lymphocyte phenotypes were similar in each 
      site among the 5 groups. Fasting caused villous atrophy; however, CHO at 2 hours 
      restored villous structure along with maintenance of epithelial cell 
      proliferation rate. CONCLUSIONS: Only 12 hours of fasting causes marked 
      gut-associated lymphoid tissue cell loss along with gut atrophy. However, CHO at 
      2 hours preserves gut immunity and morphology not completely but moderately.
CI  - (c) 2018 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
FAU - Higashizono, Kazuya
AU  - Higashizono K
AD  - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the 
      University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Fukatsu, Kazuhiko
AU  - Fukatsu K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4367-019X
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Watkins, Ayako
AU  - Watkins A
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Watanabe, Tomoki
AU  - Watanabe T
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Noguchi, Midori
AU  - Noguchi M
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Ri, Motonari
AU  - Ri M
AD  - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the 
      University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Murakoshi, Satoshi
AU  - Murakoshi S
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Yasuhara, Hiroshi
AU  - Yasuhara H
AD  - Surgical Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
FAU - Seto, Yasuyuki
AU  - Seto Y
AD  - Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the 
      University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180927
PL  - United States
TA  - JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr
JT  - JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
JID - 7804134
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Atrophy
MH  - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology
MH  - Cell Count
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Epithelial Cells/physiology
MH  - Fasting/*physiology
MH  - Immunity, Mucosal/*physiology
MH  - Immunoglobulin A/analysis
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology/ultrastructure
MH  - Intestine, Small/immunology/ultrastructure
MH  - Lymphocytes/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred ICR
MH  - Microvilli/ultrastructure
MH  - Mucous Membrane/immunology
MH  - Peyer's Patches/immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ERAS
OT  - carbohydrates
OT  - fasting
OT  - gut morphology
OT  - gut-associated lymphatic tissue
EDAT- 2018/09/28 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/12 06:00
CRDT- 2018/09/28 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/09/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/09/28 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/jpen.1446 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2019 May;43(4):516-524. doi: 10.1002/jpen.1446. 
      Epub 2018 Sep 27.