PMID- 30278692
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20181010
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1089-7623 (Electronic)
IS  - 0034-6748 (Print)
IS  - 0034-6748 (Linking)
VI  - 89
IP  - 9
DP  - 2018 Sep
TI  - Parallel 2D FFT implementation on FPGA suitable for real-time MR image 
      processing.
PG  - 093706
LID - 10.1063/1.5019846 [doi]
LID - 093706
AB  - We report the design and implementation of a parallel two-dimensional fast 
      Fourier transform (2D FFT) algorithm on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) 
      for real-time MR image processing. Although a number of architectures of 2D FFT 
      hardware processors have been reported, these generic processors or IP cores are 
      not always effective for processing MRI data. The key feature of our design is 
      that our processors are customized solely for real-time MRI applications. We 
      demonstrate that by considering the unique features of real-time MRI data 
      streams, we were able to develop and implement the 2D FFT processors that are 
      resource-efficient and flexible enough to handle both regular and irregular data. 
      Using a data-driven approach, we were able to simplify the inter-processor data 
      communication while maintaining data synchronization without a synchronous clock 
      signal bus and complex interconnection network. We experimentally verified our 
      designs by processing multi-slice image data sets with 128 x 128 and 256 x 256 
      in-plane resolution. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our 2D FFT 
      processors and show that image reconstruction can be accelerated in proportion to 
      the parallel processing factor. We achieved image-reconstruction processing rates 
      up to 3000 and 800 slices per second for images with 128 x 128 and 256 x 256 
      in-plane resolution, respectively. The results also indicate that the 
      image-reconstruction acceleration is primarily limited by the speed of the data 
      transfer between the FPGA device and external sensors.
FAU - Li, Limin
AU  - Li L
AUID- ORCID: 0000000307810594
AD  - Center for Basic MR Research, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research 
      Institute, 1033 University Place Suite 100, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
FAU - Wyrwicz, Alice M
AU  - Wyrwicz AM
AD  - Center for Basic MR Research, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research 
      Institute, 1033 University Place Suite 100, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 EB024852/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Rev Sci Instrum
JT  - The Review of scientific instruments
JID - 0405571
PMC - PMC6150773
EDAT- 2018/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/04 06:01
PMCR- 2019/09/01
CRDT- 2018/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 054809RSI [pii]
AID - 1.5019846 [pii]
AID - 10.1063/1.5019846 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Sci Instrum. 2018 Sep;89(9):093706. doi: 10.1063/1.5019846.