PMID- 30281547
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200306
LR  - 20200309
IS  - 1532-0987 (Electronic)
IS  - 0891-3668 (Print)
IS  - 0891-3668 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Feb
TI  - Antibiotic Resistance Among Pediatric-Sourced Ocular Pathogens: 8-Year Findings 
      From the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) 
      Surveillance Study.
PG  - 138-145
LID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000002206 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) 
      study is a nationwide longitudinal antibiotic resistance surveillance program 
      specific to bacterial pathogens commonly encountered in ocular infections. We 
      evaluated in vitro resistance rates and trends among isolates obtained from 
      pediatric patients (</=17 years of age). METHODS: Clinical centers across the 
      United States were invited to submit ocular isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, 
      coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus 
      influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to a central laboratory. Minimum inhibitory 
      concentrations for various antibiotic classes were determined by broth 
      microdilution per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and 
      interpreted as susceptible, intermediate or resistant based on available 
      breakpoints. Longitudinal trends were analyzed using a Cochran-Armitage test for 
      linear trends in a proportion. RESULTS: Of 4829 isolates collected from January 
      2009 to December 2016, 995 isolates, sourced primarily from hospitals and 
      referral centers, were obtained from pediatric patients (n = 286 H. influenzae, n 
      = 284 S. aureus, n = 213 CoNS, n = 150 S. pneumoniae and n = 62 P. aeruginosa). 
      With few exceptions, P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae were generally susceptible 
      to the antibiotics tested. Of S. aureus and CoNS isolates, respectively, 56% and 
      72% were resistant to azithromycin and 24% and 47% were methicillin-resistant 
      (MR); concurrent resistance to other drug classes and multidrug resistance (>/=3 
      drug classes) were prevalent among MR staphylococci. Of S. pneumoniae isolates, 
      38% and 35% demonstrated resistance to azithromycin and penicillin, respectively. 
      Besifloxacin had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against the 
      Gram-positive isolates. CONCLUSIONS: These in vitro data suggest antibiotic 
      resistance is common among staphylococcal and pneumococcal isolates collected 
      from pediatric patients with ocular infections. Methicillin resistance was 
      prevalent among staphylococci with many strains demonstrating multidrug 
      resistance. These findings may not be representative of resistance trends in 
      community-based practices.
FAU - Alter, Sherman J
AU  - Alter SJ
AD  - From the Division of Infectious Disease, Dayton Children's Hospital, Wright State 
      University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio.
FAU - Sanfilippo, Christine M
AU  - Sanfilippo CM
AD  - Pharmaceutical Medical Affairs, Bausch + Lomb, Rochester, New York.
FAU - Asbell, Penny A
AU  - Asbell PA
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 
      New York.
FAU - DeCory, Heleen H
AU  - DeCory HH
AD  - Pharmaceutical Medical Affairs, Bausch + Lomb, Rochester, New York.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatr Infect Dis J
JT  - The Pediatric infectious disease journal
JID - 8701858
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Drug Resistance, Bacterial
MH  - Epidemiological Monitoring
MH  - Eye Infections, Bacterial/*epidemiology/*microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gram-Negative Bacteria/*drug effects/isolation & purification
MH  - Gram-Positive Bacteria/*drug effects/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Microbial Sensitivity Tests
MH  - United States/epidemiology
PMC - PMC6343952
EDAT- 2018/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/07 06:00
PMCR- 2019/01/23
CRDT- 2018/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/01/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1097/INF.0000000000002206 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019 Feb;38(2):138-145. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002206.