PMID- 30283130
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191031
LR  - 20230928
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Oct 3
TI  - Caloric restriction promotes functional changes involving short-chain fatty acid 
      biosynthesis in the rat gut microbiota.
PG  - 14778
LID - 10.1038/s41598-018-33100-y [doi]
LID - 14778
AB  - Caloric restriction (CR) is known to promote health and longevity, likely via 
      modification of the gut microbiota (GM). However, functional and metabolic 
      changes induced in the GM during CR are still unidentified. Here, we investigated 
      the short- and long-term effects of CR on the rat GM using a metaproteogenomic 
      approach. We show that a switch from ad libitum (AL) low fat diet to CR in young 
      rats is able to induce rapid and deep changes in their GM metaproteomic profile, 
      related to a reduction of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an expansion of 
      lactobacilli. Specifically, we observed a significant change in the expression of 
      the microbial enzymes responsible for short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, with 
      CR boosting propionogenesis and limiting butyrogenesis and acetogenesis. 
      Furthermore, these CR-induced effects were maintained up to adulthood and started 
      to be reversed after a short-term diet change. We also found that CR alters the 
      abundance of an array of host proteins released in stool, mainly related to 
      epithelial barrier integrity and inflammation. Hence, our results provide 
      thorough information about CR-induced modifications to GM and host functional 
      activity, and might constitute the basis for novel GM-based approaches aimed at 
      monitoring the effectiveness of dietary interventions.
FAU - Tanca, Alessandro
AU  - Tanca A
AD  - Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Tramariglio, 
      Alghero, Italy.
FAU - Abbondio, Marcello
AU  - Abbondio M
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
FAU - Palomba, Antonio
AU  - Palomba A
AD  - Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Tramariglio, 
      Alghero, Italy.
FAU - Fraumene, Cristina
AU  - Fraumene C
AD  - Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Tramariglio, 
      Alghero, Italy.
FAU - Marongiu, Fabio
AU  - Marongiu F
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
FAU - Serra, Monica
AU  - Serra M
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
FAU - Pagnozzi, Daniela
AU  - Pagnozzi D
AD  - Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Tramariglio, 
      Alghero, Italy.
FAU - Laconi, Ezio
AU  - Laconi E
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
FAU - Uzzau, Sergio
AU  - Uzzau S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6246-2794
AD  - Porto Conte Ricerche, Science and Technology Park of Sardinia, Tramariglio, 
      Alghero, Italy. uzzau@portocontericerche.it.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. 
      uzzau@portocontericerche.it.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20181003
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipogenesis/*genetics
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacteroidetes/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Fatty Acids, Volatile/*metabolism
MH  - Firmicutes/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*genetics
MH  - Lactobacillus/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Lipogenesis/genetics
MH  - Longevity/genetics/physiology
MH  - Rats
PMC - PMC6170429
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2018/10/05 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/02 06:00
PMCR- 2018/10/03
CRDT- 2018/10/05 06:00
PHST- 2018/01/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/10/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-33100-y [pii]
AID - 33100 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-018-33100-y [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 3;8(1):14778. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33100-y.