PMID- 30324045
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 8
DP  - 2018 Aug 3
TI  - Psycho-rheumatic Integration in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Insight into 
      Antibodies Causing Neuropsychiatric Changes.
PG  - e3091
LID - 10.7759/cureus.3091 [doi]
LID - e3091
AB  - The main purpose of this paper is to bring together all the antibodies and 
      markers related to neurological and psychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus 
      erythematosus and also the pharmacology that could help treat these symptoms. 
      Existing research data regarding specific antibodies involved in the disease 
      process and drugs that were being studied was collected and analyzed. After 
      reviewing the studies published by various authors, symptoms were shown to be 
      mainly caused by antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) 
      antibodies, anti-endothelial, anti-ribosomal P, antiphospholipid antibodies, 
      cytokines like interferons and chemokines. The monoclonal antibody rituximab has 
      shown to be beneficial in some of the cases. Based on all the articles reviewed, 
      the antibodies and cytokines showed the most effective evidence in causing the 
      different manifestations of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus 
      (NPSLE), but studies regarding the drugs being effective against all the symptoms 
      are inconclusive as there are very few studies. Further research to support the 
      drug's effectiveness in managing the symptoms is needed. More studies are needed 
      regarding early diagnosis of NPSLE using the antibodies as biomarkers as it could 
      help in preventing these manifestations.
FAU - Nalakonda, Gouthami
AU  - Nalakonda G
AD  - Medical Student, Chalmeda Anandrao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, 
      IND.
FAU - Islam, Mimsa
AU  - Islam M
AD  - Internal Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, USA.
FAU - Chukwu, Vera E
AU  - Chukwu VE
AD  - Research, University of Benin, Benin City, NGA.
FAU - Soliman, Ahmad
AU  - Soliman A
AD  - Pediatrics, Sohar Hospital, Sohar, OMN.
FAU - Munim, Rujina
AU  - Munim R
AD  - Miscellaneous, Sylhet Mag Osmani Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, BGD.
FAU - Abukraa, Inas
AU  - Abukraa I
AD  - Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, LBY.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20180803
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC6171782
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anti ribosomal p
OT  - anti-nmdar
OT  - antiphospholipid
OT  - rituximab
OT  - sle
OT  - sle antibody brain
OT  - tweak
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2018/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/17 06:01
PMCR- 2018/08/03
CRDT- 2018/10/17 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.3091 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2018 Aug 3;10(8):e3091. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3091.