PMID- 30324399 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200702 LR - 20200916 IS - 1867-1314 (Electronic) IS - 1867-1306 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 4 DP - 2019 Dec TI - Probiotic Clostridium butyricum Improves the Growth Performance, Immune Function, and Gut Microbiota of Weaning Rex Rabbits. PG - 1278-1292 LID - 10.1007/s12602-018-9476-x [doi] AB - Probiotics could promote animal growth and enhance immune function. This study investigated the effects of Clostridium butyricum (CB) on the growth performance, intestinal immune, and gut microbiota of weaning rex rabbits. A total of 60 healthy female rabbits (5-month-old) were divided equally into four groups and mated on the same day: control group (CTRL, fed with basal feed), low-dose group (LDG, fed with basal feed + 1.0 x 10(3) CFU/g CB), middle-dose group (MDG, fed with basal feed + 1.0 x 10(4) CFU/g CB), and high-dose group (HDG, fed with basal feed + 1.0 x 10(5) CFU/g CB). Then, 30 weaning rex rabbits (35-day-old) were collected from each group for this experiment, and they were offered the same feeds as their mother. The results demonstrated that high-dose CB treatment significantly increased average daily weight gain of weaning rex rabbits. Further studies suggested that CB enhanced small intestinal digestive enzyme activity and improved mucosal morphology and antioxidant status. Supplemented with CB, small intestinal barrier function was maintained with the upregulation of mRNA levels of ZO-1, claudin, and occludin as well as the increase of sIgA production. Moreover, the relative expressions of MyD88, TLR2, and TLR4 were elevated in HDG; simultaneously, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, INF-gamma, and TNF-alpha were decreased after CB administration. In addition, CB showed beneficial effects in improving weaning rex rabbit intestinal microflora via increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Therefore, our results indicated CB can promote rex rabbit growth, which is likely to the enhancement of immune function and the improvement of intestinal microbiota. FAU - Liu, Lei AU - Liu L AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zeng, Dong AU - Zeng D AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. AD - Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Yang, Mingyue AU - Yang M AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Wen, Bin AU - Wen B AD - Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China. FAU - Lai, Jing AU - Lai J AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Zhou, Yi AU - Zhou Y AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Sun, Hao AU - Sun H AD - Ya'an City Bureau of Agriculture, Ya'an, 625099, Sichuan, China. FAU - Xiong, Lvcheng AU - Xiong L AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Wang, Jie AU - Wang J AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Lin, Yicen AU - Lin Y AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Pan, Kangcheng AU - Pan K AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Jing, Bo AU - Jing B AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. FAU - Wang, Ping AU - Wang P AD - Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China. FAU - Ni, Xueqin AU - Ni X AD - Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. xueqinni@foxmail.com. AD - Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China. xueqinni@foxmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins JT - Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins JID - 101484100 RN - 0 (Claudin-1) RN - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 2) SB - IM MH - Animal Feed/analysis/microbiology MH - Animals MH - Bacteria/classification/genetics/isolation & purification MH - Claudin-1/genetics/immunology MH - Clostridium butyricum/*physiology MH - Dietary Supplements/analysis MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*drug effects MH - Intestinal Mucosa/growth & development/microbiology MH - Probiotics/*administration & dosage MH - Rabbits/genetics/*growth & development/*immunology/microbiology MH - Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics/immunology MH - Weaning OTO - NOTNLM OT - Clostridium butyricum OT - Growth performance OT - Gut microbiota OT - Immune OT - Weaning rex rabbit EDAT- 2018/10/17 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/03 06:00 CRDT- 2018/10/17 06:00 PHST- 2018/10/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/10/17 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1007/s12602-018-9476-x [pii] AID - 10.1007/s12602-018-9476-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019 Dec;11(4):1278-1292. doi: 10.1007/s12602-018-9476-x.