PMID- 30337817
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230928
IS  - 1226-8453 (Print)
IS  - 2093-4947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1226-8453 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 4
DP  - 2018 Oct
TI  - Bioactivity-guided isolation of ginsenosides from Korean Red Ginseng with 
      cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.
PG  - 562-570
LID - 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.004 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. 
      In this study, we used a bioactivity-guided isolation technique to identify 
      constituents of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) with antiproliferative activity against 
      human lung adenocarcinoma cells. METHODS: Bioactivity-guided fractionation and 
      preparative/semipreparative HPLC purification were used with LC/MS analysis to 
      separate the bioactive constituents. Cell viability and apoptosis in human lung 
      cancer cell lines (A549, H1264, H1299, and Calu-6) after treatment with KRG 
      extract fractions and constituents thereof were assessed using the water-soluble 
      tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl 
      transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. 
      Caspase activation was assessed by detecting its surrogate marker, cleaved poly 
      adenosine diphosphate (ADP-ribose) polymerase, using an immunoblot assay. The 
      expression and subcellular localization of apoptosis-inducing factor were 
      assessed using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. RESULTS AND 
      CONCLUSION: Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the KRG extract revealed that its 
      ethyl acetate-soluble fraction exerts significant cytotoxic activity against all 
      human lung cancer cell lines tested by inducing apoptosis. Chemical investigation 
      of the ethyl acetatesoluble fraction led to the isolation of six ginsenosides, 
      including ginsenoside Rb1 (1), ginsenoside Rb2 (2), ginsenoside Rc (3), 
      ginsenoside Rd (4), ginsenoside Rg1 (5), and ginsenoside Rg3 (6). Among the 
      isolated ginsenosides, ginsenoside Rg3 exhibited the most cytotoxic activity 
      against all human lung cancer cell lines examined, with IC(50) values ranging 
      from 161.1 muM to 264.6 muM. The cytotoxicity of ginsenoside Rg3 was found to be 
      mediated by induction of apoptosis in a caspase-independent manner. These 
      findings provide experimental evidence for a novel biological activity of 
      ginsenoside Rg3 against human lung cancer cells.
FAU - Yu, Jae Sik
AU  - Yu JS
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Roh, Hyun-Soo
AU  - Roh HS
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Medical Center, 
      Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Baek, Kwan-Hyuck
AU  - Baek KH
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Medical Center, 
      Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Seul
AU  - Lee S
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Medical Center, 
      Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sil
AU  - Kim S
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - So, Hae Min
AU  - So HM
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Moon, Eunjung
AU  - Moon E
AD  - Charmzone R&D Center, Charmzone Co. LTD., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Pang, Changhyun
AU  - Pang C
AD  - School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of 
      Korea.
FAU - Jang, Tae Su
AU  - Jang TS
AD  - Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeong 
      Chang, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Ki Hyun
AU  - Kim KH
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20180216
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Ginseng Res
JT  - Journal of ginseng research
JID - 100890690
PMC - PMC6190500
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Cytotoxicity
OT  - Ginsenoside Rg3
OT  - Korean Red Ginseng
OT  - Lung cancer
EDAT- 2018/10/20 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/20 06:01
PMCR- 2018/02/16
CRDT- 2018/10/20 06:00
PHST- 2017/11/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/01/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/02/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/10/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/02/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1226-8453(17)30350-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ginseng Res. 2018 Oct;42(4):562-570. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 
      Feb 16.