PMID- 30344507
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240314
IS  - 1664-2295 (Print)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2018
TI  - Detection of HHV-6 and EBV and Cytokine Levels in Saliva From Children With 
      Seizures: Results of a Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.
PG  - 834
LID - 10.3389/fneur.2018.00834 [doi]
LID - 834
AB  - Background and Objective: One third of children with epilepsy are refractory to 
      medications. Growing data support a role of common childhood infections with 
      neurotropic viruses and inflammation in epileptogenesis. Our objective was to 
      determine the frequency of Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and Epstein-Barr Virus 
      (EBV) infection and cytokine levels in saliva from children with seizures 
      compared to healthy controls and to controls with a febrile illness without 
      seizures. Methods: In this cross-sectional multi-center study, we collected 
      saliva from 115 consecutive children with acute seizures (cases), 51 children 
      with a fever and no seizures or underlying neurological disease (fever controls) 
      and 46 healthy children (healthy controls). Specimens were analyzed by a novel 
      droplet digital PCR for HHV-6 and EBV viral DNA and a bead-based immunoassay for 
      neuroinflammatory cytokines. Results: Cases included febrile seizures (n = 30), 
      acute seizures without (n = 53) and with fever (n = 4) in chronic epilepsy, new 
      onset epilepsy (n = 13), febrile status epilepticus (n = 3), and first lifetime 
      seizure (n = 12). HHV-6 DNA was found in 40% of cases vs. 37% fever controls and 
      35% healthy controls, with no statistically significant differences. EBV DNA was 
      also detected with no differences in 17% cases, 16% fever controls, and 28% 
      healthy controls. IL-8 and IL-1beta were increased in saliva of 32 random samples 
      from cases compared with 30 fever controls: IL-8 cases mean (SD): 1158.07 pg/mL 
      (1427.41); controls 604.92 (754.04); p = 0.02. IL-1beta 185.76 (230.57); controls 
      86.99 (187.39); p = 0.0002. IL-1beta level correlated with HHV6 viral load (p = 
      0.007). Conclusion: Increase in inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the 
      onset of acute seizures and saliva could represent an inexpensive and 
      non-invasive method for detection of viral DNA and cytokines.
FAU - Bartolini, Luca
AU  - Bartolini L
AD  - Center for Neuroscience, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington 
      University, Washington, DC, United States.
AD  - Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and 
      Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
AD  - Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological 
      Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
FAU - Piras, Eleonora
AU  - Piras E
AD  - Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological 
      Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
AD  - Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Sullivan, Kathryn
AU  - Sullivan K
AD  - Center for Neuroscience, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington 
      University, Washington, DC, United States.
FAU - Gillen, Sean
AU  - Gillen S
AD  - Emergency Medicine and Trauma Services, Children's National Medical Center, 
      Washington, DC, United States.
FAU - Bumbut, Adrian
AU  - Bumbut A
AD  - Center for Neuroscience, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington 
      University, Washington, DC, United States.
FAU - Lin, Cheng-Te Major
AU  - Lin CM
AD  - Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological 
      Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
FAU - Leibovitch, Emily C
AU  - Leibovitch EC
AD  - Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological 
      Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
FAU - Graves, Jennifer S
AU  - Graves JS
AD  - Multiple Sclerosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, San 
      Francisco, CA, United States.
FAU - Waubant, Emmanuelle L
AU  - Waubant EL
AD  - Multiple Sclerosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, San 
      Francisco, CA, United States.
FAU - Chamberlain, James M
AU  - Chamberlain JM
AD  - Emergency Medicine and Trauma Services, Children's National Medical Center, 
      Washington, DC, United States.
FAU - Gaillard, William D
AU  - Gaillard WD
AD  - Center for Neuroscience, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington 
      University, Washington, DC, United States.
FAU - Jacobson, Steven
AU  - Jacobson S
AD  - Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological 
      Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, United States.
LA  - eng
GR  - U10 NS086513/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 HD090257/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20181005
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurol
JT  - Frontiers in neurology
JID - 101546899
PMC - PMC6182262
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Epstein-Barr Virus
OT  - epilepsy
OT  - herpesvirus 6
OT  - human
OT  - inflammation
OT  - interleukin-1
OT  - pediatric
OT  - saliva
EDAT- 2018/10/23 06:00
MHDA- 2018/10/23 06:01
PMCR- 2018/10/05
CRDT- 2018/10/23 06:00
PHST- 2018/07/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/09/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/10/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/10/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fneur.2018.00834 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurol. 2018 Oct 5;9:834. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00834. eCollection 2018.