PMID- 30360644
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190326
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1556-9535 (Electronic)
IS  - 1556-9527 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Mar
TI  - Long-term systemic administration with low dose of 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine causes photoreceptor cell damage in CD1 mice.
PG  - 81-87
LID - 10.1080/15569527.2018.1539007 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: As a powerful psychostimulant with high potential for abuse, 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) causes long-lasting neurotoxicity. This 
      study was to investigate the effects of systemic administration of MDMA on 
      retinal damage in CD1 mice and its underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 
      CD1 mice were randomly divided into two groups (n = 10): group 1 receiving PBS by 
      intraperitoneal injection daily; group 2 receiving 2 mg/kg MDMA by 
      intraperitoneal injection daily for 3 months. The retinal function was tested by 
      electroretinography (ERG). The retinal morphology and histology was evaluated by 
      Toluidine blue staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines 
      were measured by ELISA assays. Gene and protein expression was detected by 
      real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS: Results demonstrated that retinal damage 
      was caused by MDMA after 3-month treatment, evidenced by retinal dysfunction 
      through photoreceptor cell apoptosis induced by inflammatory response and 
      oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that systemic administration of 
      MDMA increased inflammatory response in photoreceptor cells to cause retinal 
      dysfunction on CD1 mice, providing the scientific rationale for the photoreceptor 
      cell damage caused by the MDMA abuse.
FAU - Lv, Xiu-Fang
AU  - Lv XF
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , the Second Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical 
      University , Hefei , People's Republic of China.
FAU - Tao, Li-Ming
AU  - Tao LM
AD  - a Department of Ophthalmology , the Second Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical 
      University , Hefei , People's Republic of China.
FAU - Zhong, Hui
AU  - Zhong H
AD  - b Department of Ophthalmology , Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen , 
      People's Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Retracted Publication
DEP - 20181126
PL  - England
TA  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol
JT  - Cutaneous and ocular toxicology
JID - 101266892
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
RIN - Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2022 Mar;41(1):105. PMID: 35350952
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis/drug effects
MH  - Electroretinography
MH  - Hallucinogens/*toxicity
MH  - Mice
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - Retina/*drug effects/physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
OT  - CD1 mice
OT  - inflammatory response
OT  - photoreceptor cell damage
EDAT- 2018/10/27 06:00
MHDA- 2019/03/27 06:00
CRDT- 2018/10/27 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/03/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/15569527.2018.1539007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2019 Mar;38(1):81-87. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2018.1539007. 
      Epub 2018 Nov 26.