PMID- 30361004
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191021
LR  - 20191022
IS  - 1873-7145 (Electronic)
IS  - 0963-9969 (Linking)
VI  - 114
DP  - 2018 Dec
TI  - Efficacy of light-protective additive packaging in protecting milk freshness in a 
      retail dairy case with LED lighting at different light intensities.
PG  - 1-9
LID - S0963-9969(18)30592-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.053 [doi]
AB  - Light emitting diodes (LED) are rapidly developing as dominant lighting systems 
      in dairy retail cases. Bright light is typically chosen to best exhibit milk 
      products. However, high intensity LED lighting may create high potential for 
      detrimental oxidation and destroying milk freshness. In this study, we 
      investigated the interaction between LED light intensity, exposure time, and 
      packaging material on limiting milk oxidation and protecting milk freshness and 
      vitamins. Within 4 h of LED light exposure at an intensity as low as 1068 lx, 
      light-induced oxidation occurred on 2% milkfat milk with commercial packaging 
      including glass and translucent high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles. Higher 
      light intensity (>4094 lx) and longer light exposure time (>24 h) rapidly 
      increased the oxidation rate in milk. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging 
      with lower oxygen permeability rate effectively reduced (P < 0.05) vitamin A 
      degradation under low light intensity within 24 h. A combination of 
      light-protective additive (TiO(2)) and oxygen barrier material (PET) successfully 
      reduced (P < .05) the loss of dissolved oxygen and riboflavin, and decreased the 
      formation of final oxidation products in milk, as measured by thiobarbituric 
      reactive substances (TBARS), when exposed to high light intensity within 24 h. 
      Lower LED light intensity in retail case was preferred by 50% of participants in 
      a visual acceptance test; consumers are willing to consider pigmented packaging 
      with limited visibility. Results of this study provides guidance for dairy 
      industry in choosing appropriate LED lighting conditions and packaging to 
      adequately display the milk products as well as minimize the degradation of milk 
      nutrients and flavor.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Wang, Aili
AU  - Wang A
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and 
      State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg 24061, United States. Electronic 
      address: waili9@vt.edu.
FAU - Dadmun, Catherine H
AU  - Dadmun CH
AD  - Department of Chemistry, College of Charleston, Charleston 29424, United States.
FAU - Hand, Rachel M
AU  - Hand RM
AD  - Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East 
      Lansing 48824, United States.
FAU - O'Keefe, Sean F
AU  - O'Keefe SF
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and 
      State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg 24061, United States.
FAU - Phillips, J''Nai B
AU  - Phillips JB
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and 
      State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg 24061, United States.
FAU - Anders, Kemia A
AU  - Anders KA
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and 
      State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg 24061, United States.
FAU - Duncan, Susan E
AU  - Duncan SE
AD  - Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and 
      State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg 24061, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20180731
PL  - Canada
TA  - Food Res Int
JT  - Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
JID - 9210143
RN  - 0 (Polyethylene Terephthalates)
RN  - 0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances)
RN  - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A)
RN  - TLM2976OFR (Riboflavin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Animals
MH  - Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Dairying
MH  - Electronic Nose
MH  - Female
MH  - Food Packaging/*methods
MH  - Food Preservation/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lighting
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Milk/chemistry/radiation effects/standards
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction/radiation effects
MH  - Polyethylene Terephthalates/chemistry
MH  - Riboflavin/analysis
MH  - Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysis
MH  - Vitamin A/analysis
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Freshness
OT  - LED
OT  - Light intensity
OT  - Milk
OT  - Oxidation
OT  - PET
OT  - Packaging
EDAT- 2018/10/27 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/23 06:00
CRDT- 2018/10/27 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/07/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/07/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0963-9969(18)30592-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.053 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Res Int. 2018 Dec;114:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.053. Epub 2018 Jul 
      31.