PMID- 30363954 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190109 LR - 20190109 IS - 1687-5443 (Electronic) IS - 2090-5904 (Print) IS - 1687-5443 (Linking) VI - 2018 DP - 2018 TI - Changes in the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Are Associated with Improvements in Diabetes Risk Factors after Exercise Training in Adolescents with Obesity: The HEARTY Randomized Controlled Trial. PG - 7169583 LID - 10.1155/2018/7169583 [doi] LID - 7169583 AB - Obesity in youth increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and both are risk factors for neurocognitive deficits. Exercise attenuates the risk of obesity and T2D while improving cognitive function. In adults, these benefits are associated with the actions of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein critical in modulating neuroplasticity, glucose regulation, fat oxidation, and appetite regulation in adults. However, little research exists in youth. This study examined the associations between changes in diabetes risk factors and changes in BDNF levels after 6 months of exercise training in adolescents with obesity. The sample consisted of 202 postpubertal adolescents with obesity (70% females) aged 14-18 years who were randomized to 6 months of aerobic and/or resistance training or nonexercise control. All participants received a healthy eating plan designed to induce a 250/kcal deficit per day. Resting serum BDNF levels and diabetes risk factors, such as fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-B-beta cell insulin secretory capacity) and (HOMA-IS-insulin sensitivity), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), were measured after an overnight fast at baseline and 6 months. There were no significant intergroup differences on changes in BDNF or diabetes risk factors. In the exercise group, increases in BDNF were associated with reductions in fasting glucose (beta = -6.57, SE = 3.37, p = 0.05) and increases in HOMA-B (beta = 0.093, SE = 0.03, p = 0.004) after controlling for confounders. No associations were found between changes in diabetes risk factors and BDNF in controls. In conclusion, exercise-induced reductions in some diabetes risk factors were associated with increases in BDNF in adolescents with obesity, suggesting that exercise training may be an effective strategy to promote metabolic health and increases in BDNF, a protein favoring neuroplasticity. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00195858, September 12, 2005 (funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research). FAU - Walsh, Jeremy J AU - Walsh JJ AD - Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - D'Angiulli, Amedeo AU - D'Angiulli A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8295-9850 AD - Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Cameron, Jameason D AU - Cameron JD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5210-6195 AD - Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Sigal, Ronald J AU - Sigal RJ AD - School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. FAU - Kenny, Glen P AU - Kenny GP AD - School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Holcik, Martin AU - Holcik M AD - Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Doucette, Steve AU - Doucette S AD - Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. FAU - Alberga, Angela S AU - Alberga AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3858-9482 AD - Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Prud'homme, Denis AU - Prud'homme D AD - School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Hadjiyannakis, Stasia AU - Hadjiyannakis S AD - Centre for Healthy Active Living, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Gunnell, Katie AU - Gunnell K AD - Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada. FAU - Goldfield, Gary S AU - Goldfield GS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6216-7824 AD - Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. AD - School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00195858 PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20180930 PL - United States TA - Neural Plast JT - Neural plasticity JID - 100883417 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 7171WSG8A2 (BDNF protein, human) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*blood MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*blood/epidemiology/*therapy MH - Exercise/*physiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Obesity/*blood/epidemiology/*therapy MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC6186331 EDAT- 2018/10/27 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/10 06:00 PMCR- 2018/09/30 CRDT- 2018/10/27 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/07/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/08/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/10/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/09/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2018/7169583 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Neural Plast. 2018 Sep 30;2018:7169583. doi: 10.1155/2018/7169583. eCollection 2018.