PMID- 30368912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200129 LR - 20200129 IS - 1600-0668 (Electronic) IS - 0905-6947 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Jan TI - Survey of 1012 moldy dwellings by culture fungal analysis: Threshold proposal for asthmatic patient management. PG - 5-16 LID - 10.1111/ina.12516 [doi] AB - Different countries have tried to define guidelines to quantify what levels of fungi are considered as inappropriate for housing. This retrospective study analyzes indoor fungi by cultures of airborne samples from 1012 dwellings. Altogether, 908 patients suffering from rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma were compared to 104 controls free of allergies. Portuguese decree law no 118/2013 (PDL118), ANSES (a French environmental and health agency) recommendations, and health regulations of Besancon University Hospital were applied to determine the rates of non-conforming dwellings, which were respectively 55.2%, 5.2%, and 19%. Environmental microbiological results and medical data were compared. The whole number of colonies per cubic meter of air was correlated with asthma (P < 0.001) and rhinitis (P = 0.002). Sixty-seven genera and species were detected in bedrooms. Asthma was correlated to Aspergillus versicolor (P = 0.004) and Cladosporium spp. (P = 0.02). Thresholds of 300 cfu/m(3) for A. versicolor or 495 cfu/m(3) for Cladosporium spp. are able to discriminate 90% of the asthmatic dwellings. We propose a new protocol to obtain an optimal cost for indoor fungi surveys, excluding surface analyses, and a new guideline to interpret the results based on >1000 cfu/m(3) of whole colonies and/or above threshold levels for A. versicolor or Cladosporium spp. CI - (c) 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. FAU - Reboux, Gabriel AU - Reboux G AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7923-0858 AD - University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France. AD - Jean Minjoz University Hospital, Besancon, France. FAU - Rocchi, Steffi AU - Rocchi S AD - University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France. AD - Jean Minjoz University Hospital, Besancon, France. FAU - Laboissiere, Audrey AU - Laboissiere A AD - University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France. FAU - Ammari, Habiba AU - Ammari H AD - Reseaux d'Allergologie de Franche-Comte (RAFT), Besancon, France. FAU - Bochaton, Martine AU - Bochaton M AD - Mutualite Francaise de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Dijon, France. FAU - Gardin, Guillaume AU - Gardin G AD - Mutualite Francaise de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Dijon, France. FAU - Rame, Jean-Marc AU - Rame JM AD - Reseaux d'Allergologie de Franche-Comte (RAFT), Besancon, France. FAU - Millon, Laurence AU - Millon L AD - University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Besancon, France. AD - Jean Minjoz University Hospital, Besancon, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20181110 PL - England TA - Indoor Air JT - Indoor air JID - 9423515 SB - IM MH - *Air Microbiology/standards MH - Air Pollution, Indoor/*adverse effects/analysis MH - Aspergillus/isolation & purification MH - Asthma/epidemiology/*microbiology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Cladosporium/isolation & purification MH - Environmental Monitoring/methods MH - France/epidemiology MH - Fungi/isolation & purification MH - Housing MH - Humans MH - Portugal MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Rhinitis, Allergic/epidemiology/*microbiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - allergies OT - indoor air OT - low cost measurement OT - mold risk OT - threshold OT - unworthy dwelling EDAT- 2018/10/29 06:00 MHDA- 2020/01/30 06:00 CRDT- 2018/10/29 06:00 PHST- 2018/03/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/09/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/10/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/10/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/01/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/10/29 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1111/ina.12516 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Indoor Air. 2019 Jan;29(1):5-16. doi: 10.1111/ina.12516. Epub 2018 Nov 10.