PMID- 30386629
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2055-0391 (Print)
IS  - 2055-0391 (Electronic)
IS  - 2055-0391 (Linking)
VI  - 60
DP  - 2018
TI  - Long non-coding RNA: its evolutionary relics and biological implications in 
      mammals: a review.
PG  - 25
LID - 10.1186/s40781-018-0183-7 [doi]
LID - 25
AB  - The central dogma of gene expression propounds that DNA is transcribed to mRNA 
      and finally gets translated into protein. Only 2-3% of the genomic DNA is 
      transcribed to protein-coding mRNA. Interestingly, only a further minuscule part 
      of genomic DNA encodes for long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are 
      characteristically more than 200 nucleotides long and can be transcribed from 
      both protein-coding (e.g. H19 and TUG1) as well as non-coding DNA by RNA 
      polymerase II. The lncRNAs do not have open reading frames (with some 
      exceptions), 3;-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) and necessarily these RNAs lack 
      any translation-termination regions, however, these can be spliced, capped and 
      polyadenylated as mRNA molecules. The flexibility of lncRNAs confers them 
      specific 3D-conformations that eventually enable the lncRNAs to interact with 
      proteins, DNA or other RNA molecules via base pairing or by forming networks. The 
      lncRNAs play a major role in gene regulation, cell differentiation, cancer cell 
      invasion and metastasis and chromatin remodeling. Deregulation of lncRNA is also 
      responsible for numerous diseases in mammals. Various studies have revealed their 
      significance as biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis of cancer. The aim of this 
      review is to overview the salient features, evolution, biogenesis and biological 
      importance of these molecules in the mammalian system.
FAU - Dhanoa, Jasdeep Kaur
AU  - Dhanoa JK
AD  - School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences 
      University, Ludhiana, Punjab India. ISNI: 0000 0004 1808 3035. GRID: 
      grid.411890.5
FAU - Sethi, Ram Saran
AU  - Sethi RS
AD  - School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences 
      University, Ludhiana, Punjab India. ISNI: 0000 0004 1808 3035. GRID: 
      grid.411890.5
FAU - Verma, Ramneek
AU  - Verma R
AD  - School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences 
      University, Ludhiana, Punjab India. ISNI: 0000 0004 1808 3035. GRID: 
      grid.411890.5
FAU - Arora, Jaspreet Singh
AU  - Arora JS
AD  - School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences 
      University, Ludhiana, Punjab India. ISNI: 0000 0004 1808 3035. GRID: 
      grid.411890.5
FAU - Mukhopadhyay, Chandra Sekhar
AU  - Mukhopadhyay CS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4545-4204
AD  - School of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences 
      University, Ludhiana, Punjab India. ISNI: 0000 0004 1808 3035. GRID: 
      grid.411890.5
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20181025
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Anim Sci Technol
JT  - Journal of animal science and technology
JID - 101661694
PMC - PMC6201556
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biogenesis
OT  - Disease biomarker
OT  - Evolution
OT  - Long non-coding RNA
OT  - Mammals
COIS- Not applicable.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing 
      interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in 
      published maps and institutional affiliations.
EDAT- 2018/11/06 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/06 06:01
PMCR- 2018/10/25
CRDT- 2018/11/03 06:00
PHST- 2018/08/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/10/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/11/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/10/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 183 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s40781-018-0183-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Anim Sci Technol. 2018 Oct 25;60:25. doi: 10.1186/s40781-018-0183-7. 
      eCollection 2018.