PMID- 30418503
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200311
LR  - 20200311
IS  - 1873-5843 (Electronic)
IS  - 0887-6177 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 8
DP  - 2019 Nov 27
TI  - Neuropsychological And Psychopathological Profile Of Anti-Nmdar Encephalitis: A 
      Possible Pathophysiological Model For Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
PG  - 1309-1319
LID - 10.1093/arclin/acy088 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe, 
      but treatable, autoimmune disorder, characterized by autoantibodies causing 
      hypofunction of blocking NMDA receptors leading to a unique constellation of 
      cognitive, motor, and psychiatric symptoms. Neuropsychological and 
      psychopathological outcome has not been fully explored, particularly in children. 
      Aim of this study was to investigate pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis as a model 
      of impairment of the complex frontal-subcortical circuits who are implicated in 
      several of the childhood neuropsychiatric disorders. METHOD: Seven children 
      diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at our department underwent an evaluation 
      of the global mental functioning before discharge, a neuropsychological and 
      psychological/behavioral standardized examination within one month after 
      discharge and subsequently were followed up longitudinally for mean 35 months 
      (range 24-48 months). Collected neuropsychological data were evaluated 
      retrospectively. RESULTS: Deficits in attention, executive functions and/or 
      visual motor functions involving executive functions were seen in all children 
      within one month after discharge. These deficits were long lasting in about a 
      half of the patients. In addition, four patients developed persistent 
      psychopathological dysfunctions: difficulties to regulate their own behavior, 
      impulsivity, hyperactivity, irritability, apathy, and obsessive-compulsive 
      symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Our data are in line with research suggesting a crucial 
      role of the executive functions impairments in cognitive outcome disturbance of 
      anti-NMDAR encephalitis. We found also behavioral and psychological deficits 
      pointing to a more comprehensive framework of frontal-subcortical dysfunction, in 
      which the NMDA mediated transmission appear to have a role, as suggested by 
      neurobiological, pharmacological, and neuroimaging studies.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 
      For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Cainelli, Elisa
AU  - Cainelli E
AD  - Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Pediatric University Hospital, via 
      Giustiniani n.3, Padua, Italy.
FAU - Nosadini, Margherita
AU  - Nosadini M
AD  - Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Pediatric University Hospital, via 
      Giustiniani n.3, Padua, Italy.
FAU - Sartori, Stefano
AU  - Sartori S
AD  - Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Pediatric University Hospital, via 
      Giustiniani n.3, Padua, Italy.
FAU - Suppiej, Agnese
AU  - Suppiej A
AD  - Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Pediatric University Hospital, via 
      Giustiniani n.3, Padua, Italy.
AD  - Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatric Section, University of Ferrara, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Arch Clin Neuropsychol
JT  - Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National 
      Academy of Neuropsychologists
JID - 9004255
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/*physiopathology/*psychology
MH  - Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology/psychology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior
MH  - Child Behavior Disorders/etiology/physiopathology/psychology
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Executive Function
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Frontal Lobe/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Mental Disorders/etiology/*physiopathology/*psychology
MH  - Mental Processes
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/etiology/*physiopathology/*psychology
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - Retrospective Studies
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Behavioral
OT  - Executive functions
OT  - Frontal-subcortical circuits, NMDAR encephalitis
OT  - Psychological
EDAT- 2018/11/13 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/12 06:00
CRDT- 2018/11/13 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/08/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/10/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/13 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 5173740 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/arclin/acy088 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2019 Nov 27;34(8):1309-1319. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acy088.