PMID- 30423991
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190225
LR  - 20190225
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 11
DP  - 2018 Nov 9
TI  - Hepatitis C Virus Infection at Primary Healthcare Level in Abha City, 
      Southwestern Saudi Arabia: Is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus an Associated Factor?
LID - 10.3390/ijerph15112513 [doi]
LID - 2513
AB  - BACKGROUND: There is an increasing concern about the relation between hepatitis C 
      virus infection (HCV) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aims 
      to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among T2DM patients and non-diabetic 
      patients attending primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Abha city, southwestern 
      Saudi Arabia, and to explore the possible association between T2DM and HCV 
      infection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study targeting a random sample of T2DM and 
      non-diabetic patients attending PHCCs in Abha City was conducted. Patients were 
      interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for HCV infection using 
      fourth-generation ELISA kits. All positive cases were confirmed by qualitative 
      RT-PCR immune assay. RESULTS: The study revealed an overall seroprevalence of HCV 
      infection of 5% (95% CI: 2.9(-)7.9%). Among T2DM and non-diabetics, a 
      seroprevalence of 8.0% and 2.0% was found, respectively. Using multivariable 
      regression analysis, the only significant associated factor for HCV infection was 
      T2DM (aOR = 4.185, 95% CI: 1.074(-)16.305). CONCLUSIONS: There is strong positive 
      association between T2DM and HCV infection. Yet, the direction of relationship is 
      difficult to establish. Patients with T2DM have higher prevalence of HCV 
      infection than non-diabetic group. It is highly recommended for primary health 
      care providers to screen for HCV infection among T2DM patients and to increase 
      the level of HCV awareness among them.
FAU - Al Humayed, Suliman M
AU  - Al Humayed SM
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, 
      P.O. Box 641, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. s_humayed@yahoo.com.
FAU - Mahfouz, Ahmed A
AU  - Mahfouz AA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4974-6431
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid 
      University, P.O. Box 641, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. mahfouz2005@gmail.com.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria 
      University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt. mahfouz2005@gmail.com.
FAU - Awadalla, Nabil J
AU  - Awadalla NJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5687-6621
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid 
      University, P.O. Box 641, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. njgirgis@yahoo.co.uk.
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine Mansoura University, 
      Mansoura 35516, Egypt. njgirgis@yahoo.co.uk.
FAU - Alsabaani, Abdullah A
AU  - Alsabaani AA
AD  - Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid 
      University, P.O. Box 641, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia. dr.alsabaani@hotmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20181109
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Female
MH  - Hepatitis C/*epidemiology/virology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology
MH  - Seroepidemiologic Studies
PMC - PMC6267576
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Saudi Arabia
OT  - hepatitis C virus infection
OT  - primary healthcare centers
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2018/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2019/02/26 06:00
PMCR- 2018/11/01
CRDT- 2018/11/15 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/11/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/11/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/02/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph15112513 [pii]
AID - ijerph-15-02513 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph15112513 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 9;15(11):2513. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph15112513.