PMID- 30426105
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210119
IS  - 2405-8440 (Print)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Electronic)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 11
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - Regulating gene expression in animals through RNA endonucleolytic cleavage.
PG  - e00908
LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00908 [doi]
LID - e00908
AB  - The expression of any gene must be precisely controlled for appropriate function. 
      This expression can be controlled at various levels. This includes epigenetic 
      regulation through DNA methylation or histone modifications. At the 
      posttranscriptional level, regulation can be via alternative splicing or 
      controlling messenger RNA (mRNA) stability. RNA cleavage is one way to control 
      mRNA stability. For example, microRNA (miRNA)-induced mRNA cleavage has long been 
      recognised in plants. RNA cleavage also appears to be widespread in other 
      kingdoms of life, and it is now clear that mRNA cleavage plays critical functions 
      in animals. Although miRNA-induced mRNA cleavage can occur in animals, it is not 
      a widespread mechanism. Instead, mRNA cleavage can be induced by a range of other 
      mechanisms, including by endogenous short inhibitory RNAs (endo-siRNAs), as well 
      as the Ribonuclease III (RNase III) enzymes Drosha and Dicer. In addition, RNA 
      cleavage induced by endo-siRNAs and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) is important 
      for genome defence against transposons. Moreover, several RNase has been 
      identified as important antiviral mediators. In this review, we will discuss 
      these various RNA endonucleolytic cleavage mechanisms utilised by animals to 
      regulate the expression of genes and as a defence against retrotransposons and 
      viral infection.
FAU - Gu, Karen
AU  - Gu K
AD  - St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Fitzroy, Australia.
AD  - Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's), The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, 
      Australia.
FAU - Mok, Lawrence
AU  - Mok L
AD  - St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Fitzroy, Australia.
FAU - Chong, Mark M W
AU  - Chong MMW
AD  - St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Fitzroy, Australia.
AD  - Department of Medicine (St. Vincent's), The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, 
      Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20181102
PL  - England
TA  - Heliyon
JT  - Heliyon
JID - 101672560
PMC - PMC6223193
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biochemistry
OT  - Molecular biology
OT  - Virology
EDAT- 2018/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/15 06:01
PMCR- 2018/11/02
CRDT- 2018/11/15 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/10/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2018/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/15 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2405-8440(18)31128-9 [pii]
AID - e00908 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00908 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Heliyon. 2018 Nov 2;4(11):e00908. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00908. eCollection 
      2018 Nov.