PMID- 30429785
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240404
IS  - 1663-4365 (Print)
IS  - 1663-4365 (Electronic)
IS  - 1663-4365 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2018
TI  - Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive 
      Impairment and Dementia.
PG  - 350
LID - 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00350 [doi]
LID - 350
AB  - Behind only Alzheimer's disease, vascular contributions to cognitive impairment 
      and dementia (VCID) is the second most common cause of dementia, affecting 
      roughly 10-40% of dementia patients. While there is no cure for VCID, several 
      risk factors for VCID, such as diabetes, hypertension, and stroke, have been 
      identified. Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine, termed hyperhomocysteinemia 
      (HHcy), are a major, yet underrecognized, risk factor for VCID. B vitamin 
      deficiency, which is the most common cause of HHcy, is common in the elderly. 
      With B vitamin supplementation being a relatively safe and inexpensive 
      therapeutic, the treatment of HHcy-induced VCID would seem straightforward; 
      however, preclinical and clinical data shows it is not. Clinical trials using B 
      vitamin supplementation have shown conflicting results about the benefits of 
      lowering homocysteine and issues have arisen over proper study design within the 
      trials. Studies using cell culture and animal models have proposed several 
      mechanisms for homocysteine-induced cognitive decline, providing other targets 
      for therapeutics. For this review, we will focus on HHcy as a risk factor for 
      VCID, specifically, the different mechanisms proposed for homocysteine-induced 
      cognitive decline and the clinical trials aimed at lowering plasma homocysteine.
FAU - Price, Brittani R
AU  - Price BR
AD  - Department of Physiology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 
      Lexington, KY, United States.
FAU - Wilcock, Donna M
AU  - Wilcock DM
AD  - Department of Physiology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 
      Lexington, KY, United States.
FAU - Weekman, Erica M
AU  - Weekman EM
AD  - Department of Physiology, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 
      Lexington, KY, United States.
LA  - eng
GR  - F31 NS092202/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RF1 AG057754/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS097722/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS079637/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 AG028383/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20181031
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Aging Neurosci
JT  - Frontiers in aging neuroscience
JID - 101525824
PMC - PMC6220027
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - B vitamins
OT  - dementia
OT  - homocysteine
OT  - hyperhomocysteinemia
OT  - vascular cognitive impairment and dementia
EDAT- 2018/11/16 06:00
MHDA- 2018/11/16 06:01
PMCR- 2018/01/01
CRDT- 2018/11/16 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/10/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/11/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/11/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/11/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00350 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Oct 31;10:350. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00350. 
      eCollection 2018.