PMID- 30467561
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190404
LR  - 20190404
IS  - 2042-650X (Electronic)
IS  - 2042-6496 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 12
DP  - 2018 Dec 13
TI  - Enhancing the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of a coloring extract agent 
      rich in betacyanins obtained from Gomphrena globosa L. flowers.
PG  - 6205-6217
LID - 10.1039/c8fo01829d [doi]
AB  - Although less explored than beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.), the flowers of Gomphrena 
      globosa L. are a very suitable source of betacyanins with strong pigmentation 
      features, together with many other desirable bioactive properties. Thus, the aim 
      of this study was to enhance the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of a 
      pigmented extract obtained from G. globosa flowers by ultrasound assisted 
      extraction (UAE). The procedure was supported with the application of the 
      response surface methodology, a robust optimization technique that allows to 
      study jointly the effects of several variables and responses. To enhance the 
      antimicrobial (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and 
      Salmonella typhimurium) and antifungal (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, 
      Penicillium ochrochloron and Penicillium verrucosum) activities, the responses 
      were evaluated in terms of the concentrations needed to obtain minimum inhibitory 
      (MIC), minimum bactericidal (MBC) and minimum fungicidal (MFC) concentrations. It 
      was found that the optimal UAE conditions were 10.8 min, 410.5 W, 57.8% of 
      ethanol, and 5 g L-1 of the solid-liquid ratio providing the following response 
      values: (1) from the studied species of bacteria, the MIC ranged from  approximately 0.15 to 
      0.35 g L-1 and the MBC ranges were  approximately 0.30 to 0.65 g L-1; and (2) from the studied 
      fungus species, the MIC ranged from  approximately 0.20 to 0.30 g L-1 and the MFC ranges were 
       approximately 0.40 to 0.65 g L-1. The antibacterial activity dose levels were lower than the 
      antifungal ones. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study highlight 
      extracts from G. globosa flowers as natural sources of betacyanins with 
      application as food colorants with important antimicrobial and antifungal 
      activities.
FAU - Roriz, Custodio Lobo
AU  - Roriz CL
AD  - Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, 
      Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal. iferreira@ipb.pt 
      lillian@ipb.pt.
FAU - Barros, Lillian
AU  - Barros L
FAU - Prieto, M A
AU  - Prieto MA
FAU - Ciric, Ana
AU  - Ciric A
FAU - Sokovic, Marina
AU  - Sokovic M
FAU - Morales, Patricia
AU  - Morales P
FAU - Ferreira, Isabel C F R
AU  - Ferreira ICFR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Food Funct
JT  - Food & function
JID - 101549033
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antifungal Agents)
RN  - 0 (Betacyanins)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amaranthaceae/*chemistry
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Aspergillus/drug effects
MH  - Bacteria/drug effects
MH  - Betacyanins/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Flowers/chemistry
MH  - Microbial Sensitivity Tests
MH  - Penicillium/drug effects
MH  - Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2018/11/24 06:00
MHDA- 2019/04/05 06:00
CRDT- 2018/11/24 06:00
PHST- 2018/11/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/04/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/24 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1039/c8fo01829d [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Funct. 2018 Dec 13;9(12):6205-6217. doi: 10.1039/c8fo01829d.