PMID- 30475448 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200302 LR - 20210109 IS - 1939-3806 (Electronic) IS - 1939-3792 (Print) IS - 1939-3806 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Jan TI - Infections in children with autism spectrum disorder: Study to Explore Early Development (SEED). PG - 136-146 LID - 10.1002/aur.2012 [doi] AB - Immune system abnormalities have been widely reported among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which may increase the risk of childhood infections. The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) is a multisite case-control study of children aged 30-69 months, born in 2003-2006. Cases are children previously diagnosed and newly identified with ASD enrolled from education and clinical settings. Children with a previously diagnosed non-ASD developmental condition were included in the developmental delay/disorder (DD) control group. The population (POP) control group included children randomly sampled from birth certificates. Clinical illness from infection during the first 28 days ("neonatal," from medical records) and first three years of life (caregiver report) in cases was compared to DD and POP controls; and between cases with and without regression. Children with ASD had greater odds of neonatal (OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1, 2.9) and early childhood infection (OR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.5, 1.9) compared to POP children, and greater odds of neonatal infection (OR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.1, 2.0) compared to DD children. Cases with regression had 1.6 times the odds (95%CI: 1.1, 2.3) of caregiver-reported infection during the first year of life compared to cases without regression, but neonatal infection risk and overall early childhood infection risk did not differ. Our results support the hypothesis that children with ASD are more likely to have infection early in life compared to the general population and to children with other developmental conditions. Future studies should examine the contributions of different causes, timing, frequency, and severity of infection to ASD risk. Autism Research 2019, 12: 136-146. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We looked at infections during early childhood in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We found that children with ASD were more likely to have an infection in the first 28 days of life and before age three compared to children with typical development. Children with ASD were also more likely than children with other developmental delays or disorders to have an infection in the first 28 days of life. CI - (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Sabourin, Katherine R AU - Sabourin KR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6147-9196 AD - Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. FAU - Reynolds, Ann AU - Reynolds A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0836-746X AD - Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. FAU - Schendel, Diana AU - Schendel D AD - Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH; National Centre for Register-based Research; Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. FAU - Rosenberg, Steven AU - Rosenberg S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4344-3608 AD - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. FAU - Croen, Lisa A AU - Croen LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7849-9428 AD - Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California. FAU - Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A AU - Pinto-Martin JA AD - University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing and Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Schieve, Laura A AU - Schieve LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1215-0682 AD - National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. FAU - Newschaffer, Craig AU - Newschaffer C AD - AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. FAU - Lee, Li-Ching AU - Lee LC AD - Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. FAU - DiGuiseppi, Carolyn AU - DiGuiseppi C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6440-7817 AD - Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. LA - eng GR - U10DD000182/Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (CA)/International GR - U10 DD000180/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - U10 DD000181/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - U10 DD000184/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHS/United States GR - U10 DD000182/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - U10 DD000183/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - U01 DD001210/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States GR - U01 DD000498/DD/NCBDD CDC HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. DEP - 20181126 PL - United States TA - Autism Res JT - Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research JID - 101461858 SB - IM MH - Autism Spectrum Disorder/*epidemiology/*physiopathology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Child MH - Child Development/*physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Comorbidity MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infections/*epidemiology/*physiopathology MH - Male MH - United States/epidemiology PMC - PMC7197040 MID - NIHMS1068849 OTO - NOTNLM OT - autism regression OT - autism spectrum disorder OT - childhood infection OT - developmental disabilities OT - temperature dysregulation COIS- Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2018/11/27 06:00 MHDA- 2020/03/03 06:00 PMCR- 2020/05/04 CRDT- 2018/11/27 06:00 PHST- 2018/05/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/07/19 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/07/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/11/27 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/03/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/11/27 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1002/aur.2012 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Autism Res. 2019 Jan;12(1):136-146. doi: 10.1002/aur.2012. Epub 2018 Nov 26.