PMID- 30502337 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191115 LR - 20191115 IS - 1879-1891 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9394 (Linking) VI - 199 DP - 2019 Mar TI - Changes in Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness and Retinal Microvasculature in Hypertension: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study. PG - 167-176 LID - S0002-9394(18)30659-7 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.11.016 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To investigate retinal blood flow in patients with hypertension using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and the relationship between blood flow metrics and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS: A total of 201 eyes from 117 healthy subjects and 84 hypertensive patients without any ocular abnormalities were included. Hypertensive patients were divided into the 2 groups according to disease periods (<5 years: Hypertension Group 1; >/=5 years: Hypertension Group 2). Macular 3 x 3-mm angiography was acquired using the Zeiss Cirrus 5000 OCT instrument. Vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone metrics of the superficial capillary plexus were automatically calculated, and the thicknesses of the central fovea, GC-IPL, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were measured. All measurements were compared among the 3 groups, and retinal blood flow metrics were correlated with the thickness of each retinal layer. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with prolonged hypertension. RESULTS: The average GC-IPL (P < .001) and peripapillary RNFL (P = .048) thicknesses in Hypertension Group 2 were significantly thinner compared to the control group. The 3 mm total area of the VD and PD was also decreased compared to the control group and Hypertension Group 1 (all P < .05), and was significantly correlated with the GC-IPL (VD: r = 0.450, P = .001; PD: r = 0.467, P < .001) and peripapillary RNFL (VD: r = 0.314, P = .027; PD: r = 0.328, P = .023) thicknesses in Hypertension Group 2. Using multivariate logistic analyses, only the average GC-IPL thickness was a significant factor for prolonged hypertension (odds ratio = 0.911, P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with hypertension lasting more than 5 years, inner retinal layer thinning, particularly GC-IPL thinning, was observed, which was significantly correlated with a decrease in retinal blood flow. Therefore, physicians should consider the effects of hypertension on the GC-IPL. CI - Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lim, Hyung Bin AU - Lim HB AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Min Woo AU - Lee MW AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. FAU - Park, Jae Hyeong AU - Park JH AD - Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Kyeungmin AU - Kim K AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. FAU - Jo, Young Joon AU - Jo YJ AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Jung Yeul AU - Kim JY AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea. Electronic address: kimjy@cnu.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20181129 PL - United States TA - Am J Ophthalmol JT - American journal of ophthalmology JID - 0370500 RN - 0 (Antihypertensive Agents) SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use MH - Blood Flow Velocity MH - Blood Pressure/physiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Female MH - Fluorescein Angiography/methods MH - Humans MH - Hypertension/diagnostic imaging/drug therapy/*physiopathology MH - Intraocular Pressure/physiology MH - Male MH - Microvessels MH - Middle Aged MH - Nerve Fibers/*pathology MH - Regional Blood Flow MH - Retinal Ganglion Cells/*pathology MH - Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging/*physiology MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods MH - Visual Acuity/physiology EDAT- 2018/12/07 06:00 MHDA- 2019/11/16 06:00 CRDT- 2018/12/04 06:00 PHST- 2018/08/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/11/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2018/11/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2018/12/07 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/11/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/04 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0002-9394(18)30659-7 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.11.016 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar;199:167-176. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.11.016. Epub 2018 Nov 29.