PMID- 30505274
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1663-9812 (Print)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Electronic)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2018
TI  - Bio-Guided Fractionation of Papaya Leaf Juice for Delineating the Components 
      Responsible for the Selective Anti-proliferative Effects on Prostate Cancer 
      Cells.
PG  - 1319
LID - 10.3389/fphar.2018.01319 [doi]
LID - 1319
AB  - Alternative therapies against cancer cells with minimal or no effect on healthy 
      tissues are highly sought after. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most 
      frequently diagnosed malignancy in males. The Carica papaya L. leaf extract has 
      been traditionally used by Australian aboriginal people for anticancer 
      properties. In this study, medium polar fraction of papaya leaf extract that had 
      shown anti-proliferative activity in PCa cell lines in vitro, in earlier studies, 
      was further fractionated to 28 fractions by semi-preparative HPLC. Nine of these 
      fractions were identified to possess selective anti-proliferative responses on 
      PCa cells in comparison to non-cancerous cells of prostate gland origin. When 
      these nine sub-fractions were mixed in various combinations, a combination 
      containing six of the specific fractions (FC-3) showed the best potency. FC3 
      inhibited the growth of BPH-1, PC-3, and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent 
      manner with an IC(50) value <20 mug/mL, while (unlike paclitaxel, the positive 
      control) minimal effect was observed on the proliferation of non-cancerous, 
      WPMY-1 and RWPE-1cells. Furthermore, synergistic interaction of FC-3 with 
      paclitaxel was observed with combination index values in the range of 0.89-0.98 
      and 0.85-1.10 on PC-3 and LNCaP cells, respectively. Untargeted qualitative 
      analysis using UHPLC (Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography)-QToF 
      (Quadrupole Time of-Flight) mass spectrometry and screening against the METLIN 
      database indicated presence of multiple known anticancer compounds in the FC-3 
      extract. These outcomes show that the potent and selective anti-proliferative 
      effects are due to a range of bio-active compounds within the medium polar 
      fraction of papaya leaf juice.
FAU - Pandey, Saurabh
AU  - Pandey S
AD  - School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
AD  - Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - Walpole, Carina
AU  - Walpole C
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
AD  - Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - Shaw, Paul N
AU  - Shaw PN
AD  - School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - Cabot, Peter J
AU  - Cabot PJ
AD  - School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - Hewavitharana, Amitha K
AU  - Hewavitharana AK
AD  - School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
FAU - Batra, Jyotsna
AU  - Batra J
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
AD  - Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, 
      Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20181116
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Pharmacol
JT  - Frontiers in pharmacology
JID - 101548923
PMC - PMC6250729
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CyQUANT assay
OT  - anti-proliferative
OT  - bioassay guided fractionation
OT  - papaya
OT  - prostate cancer
EDAT- 2018/12/07 06:00
MHDA- 2018/12/07 06:01
PMCR- 2018/11/16
CRDT- 2018/12/04 06:00
PHST- 2018/06/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2018/12/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2018/12/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/12/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2018/11/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fphar.2018.01319 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Pharmacol. 2018 Nov 16;9:1319. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01319. eCollection 
      2018.