PMID- 30535105
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191031
LR  - 20191031
IS  - 1938-291X (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0493 (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Mar 21
TI  - Use of Ethyl Formate Fumigation to Control Adult Bean Thrips in Navel Oranges.
PG  - 591-596
LID - 10.1093/jee/toy369 [doi]
AB  - Shipments of California Navel oranges (Citrus sinensis) (Osbeck)) that are found 
      to be infested with adult bean thrips (Caliothrips fasciatus (Pergande) 
      (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)) upon arrival in Australia either undergo mandatory 
      fumigation with methyl bromide (MeBr) to kill the thrips or are refused entry. 
      Ethyl formate (EtF) mixed with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is an effective fumigant for 
      control of various arthropods including but not limited to, thrips, aphids, 
      Pacific spider mites, California red scale, and omnivorous leaf rollers. 
      Dose-mortality curves at 5 degrees C, 10 degrees C, and 15 degrees C were developed for control of adult 
      bean thrips using EtF plus CO(2), with 5 degrees C being more effective. In further 
      testing, the efficacy of EtF plus CO(2) against adult bean thrips in Navel oranges 
      and the impact on fruit quality after fumigation followed by 5 wk of storage at 
      5 degrees C and shelf life at 20 degrees C was determined. Fruit fumigated with 31 g/m3 EtF plus 
      CO(2) at 5 degrees C for 1 h showed no difference in quality compared with untreated 
      control fruit. Ethyl formate plus CO(2) fumigation efficacy was confirmed in a 
      27.32 m3 sea freight container with eight pallets of packed Navel oranges (load 
      factor 28.69%) and 10,000-15,000 adult bean thrips in each of three replications. 
      Complete control of adult bean thrips was achieved with no negative effects on 
      fruit quality.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of 
      Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please 
      e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Bikoba, V N
AU  - Bikoba VN
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA.
FAU - Pupin, F
AU  - Pupin F
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA.
FAU - Biasi, W V
AU  - Biasi WV
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA.
FAU - Rutaganira, F U
AU  - Rutaganira FU
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
FAU - Mitcham, E J
AU  - Mitcham EJ
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Econ Entomol
JT  - Journal of economic entomology
JID - 2985127R
RN  - 0 (Formic Acid Esters)
RN  - 0K3E2L5553 (ethyl formate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Australia
MH  - California
MH  - *Citrus sinensis
MH  - Formic Acid Esters
MH  - Fumigation
MH  - Insect Control
MH  - *Thysanoptera
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Caliothrips fasciatus
OT  - Citrus sinensis
OT  - carbon dioxide
OT  - dose-mortality curve
OT  - fruit tolerance
EDAT- 2018/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/02 06:00
CRDT- 2018/12/12 06:00
PHST- 2018/05/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2018/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2018/12/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 5237924 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/jee/toy369 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Econ Entomol. 2019 Mar 21;112(2):591-596. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy369.