PMID- 30541497 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20190116 LR - 20231004 IS - 1471-2458 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2458 (Linking) VI - 18 IP - Suppl 4 DP - 2018 Dec 13 TI - Stopping circulatory vaccine-derived poliovirus in Kaduna state by scaling up special interventions in local government areas along rivers of interest- kamacha basin experience, 2013-2015. PG - 1303 LID - 10.1186/s12889-018-6180-4 [doi] LID - 1303 AB - BACKGROUND: The Kamacha river is one of the five polio environmental surveillance sites in Kaduna State where 13 circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPDs) were isolated between 2014 and 2015. Kamacha river accounted for 5 of all reported cVDPVs in Kaduna State between 2014 and 2015. Poor quality Supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs) and low population immunity have been reported in the 10 LGAs with tributaries that flow into the river. We described the processes of implementing the various health interventions in these targeted LGAs along the Kamacha River and assessed the effectiveness of the interventions in stopping cVDPV in Kaduna, state, Nigeria. METHODS: Special interventions that had been proven to be functional and effective in reaching unreached children with potent vaccines in the state were scaled up in these targeted 10 LGAs along the Kamacha River. These interventions included revision of house based microplans, scaling up of transit vaccination, scaling up of youth engagement, intensified supportive supervision, scaling up of Directly Observed Polio Vaccination (DOPV) and in-between rounds vaccination activities. We analyzed immunization plus days (IPDs) administrative tally sheet and monitoring data from 10 rounds before and 10 rounds after the special interventions. RESULTS: The number of children immunized increased from 1,862,958 in December 2014 before the intervention to 1,922,940 in March 2016 after the intervention. Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) results showed an increase in the proportion of LGAs accepted at coverage > 90% after the interventions, from 67% before intervention to 84% after intervention. The proportion of non-polio AFP children with > 4 doses of oral polio vaccine increased from 2 to 8% before to 93-98% after the interventions.. No new environmental cVDPV has been isolated since the introduction of the interventions in April 2015 until July 2016. CONCLUSION: Scaling up known working interventions in the 10 LGAs with tributaries that drain to Kamacha River environmental sample site may have contributed to improved immunity and interruption of cVDPV in Kaduna state. These interventions should be replicated in LGAs and states with persistent poliovirus isolation. FAU - Musa, Audu I AU - Musa AI AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. musaau@who.int. FAU - Shuaib, Faisal AU - Shuaib F AD - National Primary Health Care Agency, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Braka, Fiona AU - Braka F AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Mkanda, Pascal AU - Mkanda P AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Banda, Richard AU - Banda R AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Korir, Charles AU - Korir C AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Tegegne, Sisay G AU - Tegegne SG AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Abdullahi, Suleiman AU - Abdullahi S AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Umeh, Gregory C AU - Umeh GC AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Nomhwange, Terna I AU - Nomhwange TI AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Iyal, Hadiza Aliyu AU - Iyal HA AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Ishaku, Sambo AU - Ishaku S AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Adamu, Usman AU - Adamu U AD - National Primary Health Care Agency, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Damisa, Eunice AU - Damisa E AD - National Primary Health Care Agency, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Bagana, Murtala AU - Bagana M AD - National Primary Health Care Agency, Abuja, Nigeria. FAU - Gugong, Victor AU - Gugong V AD - Emergency Operations Centre (sEOC), Kaduna, Nigeria. FAU - Balarabe, Hadiza AU - Balarabe H AD - Kaduna State Primary Health Care Agency, Kaduna, Nigeria. FAU - Nsubuga, Peter AU - Nsubuga P AD - Global Public Health Solutions, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Vaz, Rui G AU - Vaz RG AD - World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria. LA - eng GR - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International PT - Journal Article DEP - 20181213 PL - England TA - BMC Public Health JT - BMC public health JID - 100968562 RN - 0 (Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral) SB - IM MH - Child, Preschool MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Local Government MH - Nigeria/epidemiology MH - Poliomyelitis/*epidemiology/*prevention & control MH - Poliovirus/*isolation & purification MH - Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/administration & dosage/*adverse effects MH - Program Evaluation MH - Rivers PMC - PMC6291911 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Circulatory vaccine derived polio-virus OT - Nigeria OT - Special interventions COIS- ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE: We obtained ethical approval from the ethical review committee, Kaduna Sate Ministry of Health before the commencement of the various interventions. The vaccination teams obtained consent from mother before administering the vaccines to their children. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Our manuscript contains no individual person's data in any form, so no consent was obtained for publication. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. EDAT- 2018/12/14 06:00 MHDA- 2019/01/17 06:00 PMCR- 2018/12/13 CRDT- 2018/12/14 06:00 PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2018/12/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/01/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2018/12/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-6180-4 [pii] AID - 6180 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12889-018-6180-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Public Health. 2018 Dec 13;18(Suppl 4):1303. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6180-4.